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Volume 14 Issue 5，2025
News & Views
Abstract：Quantum key distribution with different frequency codes is demonstrated with a reconfigurable entanglement distribution network, which is essential for scalable and resource-efficient quantum communications.33|10|0Updated：2025-05-23- Abstract：Fringe projection profilometry, a powerful technique for three-dimensional (3D) imaging and measurement, has been revolutionized by deep learning, achieving speeds of up to 100,000 frames per second (fps) while preserving high-resolution. This advancement expands its applications to high-speed transient scenarios, opening new possibilities for ultrafast 3D measurements.18|6|0Updated：2025-05-23
- Abstract：Universal conservation laws of wave–particle–entanglement triad, which describe relations between the wave–particle duality of a quantum system and its entanglement with an ancilla quantum memory, are proposed and further demonstrated with silicon-integrated nanophotonic chips.10|1|0Updated：2025-05-23
- Abstract：Digital processing is our preferred way to manipulate data, as it gives us unparalleled flexibility. However, as the volume of information increases, fully digital electronic solutions are encountering memory, latency, and power challenges. A renewed interest is growing in analog signal processing, and photonics integrated circuits could really be a game-changing technology.15|8|0Updated：2025-05-23
- Abstract：A mid-infrared orbital angular momentum detector based on multilayer graphene has been successfully developed, overcoming the previous reliance on C2V point group topological Weyl semimetals via the orbital photogalvanic effect. This CMOS-compatible two-dimensional material system is crucial for advancing the large-scale practical application of orbital angular momentum detectors.10|0|0Updated：2025-05-23
- Abstract：Nonlinear optical metasurfaces, which relax the phase-matching constraints of bulk nonlinear crystals and allow for precise engineering, are opening new possibilities in the field of quantum photonics. Recent advancements have experimentally demonstrated high-resolution 2D imaging using a 1D detector array by combining quantum ghost imaging and all-optical scanning with spatially entangled photon pairs generated from a nonlinear metasurface. These findings establish metasurfaces as a promising platform for quantum imaging, communications, and sensing applications.10|8|0Updated：2025-05-23
Review
Abstract：Optical sorting combines optical tweezers with diverse techniques, including optical spectrum, artificial intelligence (AI) and immunoassay, to endow unprecedented capabilities in particle sorting. In comparison to other methods such as microfluidics, acoustics and electrophoresis, optical sorting offers appreciable advantages in nanoscale precision, high resolution, non-invasiveness, and is becoming increasingly indispensable in fields of biophysics, chemistry, and materials science. This review aims to offer a comprehensive overview of the history, development, and perspectives of various optical sorting techniques, categorised as passive and active sorting methods. To begin, we elucidate the fundamental physics and attributes of both conventional and exotic optical forces. We then explore sorting capabilities of active optical sorting, which fuses optical tweezers with a diversity of techniques, including Raman spectroscopy and machine learning. Afterwards, we reveal the essential roles played by deterministic light fields, configured with lens systems or metasurfaces, in the passive sorting of particles based on their varying sizes and shapes, sorting resolutions and speeds. We conclude with our vision of the most promising and futuristic directions, including AI-facilitated ultrafast and bio-morphology-selective sorting. It can be envisioned that optical sorting will inevitably become a revolutionary tool in scientific research and practical biomedical applications.15|7|0Updated：2025-05-23Original Articles
Abstract：Vacuum-deposited perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) have demonstrated significant potential for high-color-gamut active-matrix displays. Despite the rapid advance of green PeLEDs, red ones remain a considerable challenge because of the inferior photophysical properties of vacuum-deposited red-light-emitting materials. Here, a rationally designed fluorine-modified phosphine oxide additive was introduced to in-situ passivate vacuum-deposited perovskites. The highly polar 2-F-TPPO incorporated perovskite films demonstrated enhanced photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY), suppressed defects, and improved crystallinity. When implemented as active layers in PeLEDs, an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 12.6% with an emission wavelength of 640 nm is achieved, which was 6 times higher compared to the previously reported most efficient vacuum-deposited red PeLEDs (EQE below 2%). Our findings lay the foundations for the further exploration of high-performance vacuum-deposited PeLEDs toward full-color perovskite displays.15|6|0Updated：2025-05-23- Abstract：Liquid lens offers a novel approach to achieving large depth of field, wide viewing angle, high speed, and high-quality imaging in zoom optical systems. However, the aperture and reliability limit the lens's performance in various optical applications. The liquid material is crucial for the reliability of the large-aperture liquid lens. To solve the dielectric failure problem associated with the large aperture, we first reveal the mechanism of dielectric failure based on the transport properties of electrolyte solutions and the impact of electrochemical reaction rates from physical chemistry so as to propose a theoretical method to suppress dielectric failure fundamentally. Based on this theory, we develop a series of non-aqueous organic solutions to suppress high-voltage dielectric failure. Next, we identify the optimal formulation for comprehensive optical performance and fabricate a centimeter-level large-aperture electrowetting liquid lens. This lens features an optical power variation range of −11.98 m−1 to 12.93 m−1, with clear and high-quality imaging function, which can enlarge the field of view and depth adjustment range of holographic reconstructions while maintaining excellent edge clarity of the reconstructed images. The proposed centimeter-level large-aperture non-aqueous electrowetting liquid lens effectively suppresses dielectric failure under high voltage, demonstrates excellent optical performance, and holds exciting potential for applications in 3D display, precision measurement, biomedical observation, and more.15|0|0Updated：2025-05-23
- Abstract：Beam shaping in nanophotonic systems remains a challenge due to the reliance on complex heuristic optimization procedures. In this work, we experimentally demonstrate a novel approach to topological beam shaping using Jackiw-Rebbi states in metasurfaces. By fabricating thin-film dielectric structures with engineered Dirac-mass distributions, we create domain walls that allow precise control over beam profiles. We observe the emergence of Jackiw-Rebbi states and confirm their localized characteristics. Notably, we achieve a flat-top beam profile by carefully tailoring the Dirac-mass distribution, highlighting the potential of this method for customized beam shaping. This experimental realization establishes our approach as a new mechanism for beam control, rooted in topological physics, and offers an efficient strategy for nanophotonic design.11|6|0Updated：2025-05-23
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