Direct visualization of the complete evolution of femtosecond laser-induced surface structural dynamics of metals

Ranran Fang; Anatoliy Vorobyev; Chunlei Guo

doi:10.1038/lsa.2016.256

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Direct visualization of the complete evolution of femtosecond laser-induced surface structural dynamics of metals

Original Articles

- Direct visualization of the complete evolution of femtosecond laser-induced surface structural dynamics of metals
- Light: Science & Applications Vol. 6, Issue 2, (2017)
- Affiliations：
  
  1.The Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
  2.Present address: School of Science, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China
  3.The Guo China-US Photonics Laboratory, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
- Author bio：
  
  C Guo, Email: guo@optics.rochester.edu
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1038/lsa.2016.256
  CLC：
- Published：2017-06，
  
  Published Online：23 November 2016，
  
  Received：09 September 2016，
  
  Revised：17 November 2016，
  
  Accepted：21 November 2016
- Accepted：
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Fang, R. R., Vorobyev, A. & Guo, C. L. Direct visualization of the complete evolution of femtosecond laser-induced surface structural dynamics of metals. Light: Science & Applications, 6, e16256 (2017).
DOI：

Fang, R. R., Vorobyev, A. & Guo, C. L. Direct visualization of the complete evolution of femtosecond laser-induced surface structural dynamics of metals. Light: Science & Applications, 6, e16256 (2017). DOI： 10.1038/lsa.2016.256.

摘要

Abstract

Despite extensive studies of femtosecond laser-material interactions

even the simplest morphological responses following femtosecond pulse irradiation have not been fully resolved. Past studies have revealed only partial dynamics. Here we develop a zero-background and high-contrast scattered-light-based optical imaging technique through which we capture

for the first time

the complete temporal and spatial evolution of the femtosecond laser-induced morphological surface structural dynamics of metals from start to finish

that is

from the initial transient surface fluctuations

through melting and ablation

to the end of resolidification. We find that transient surface structures first appear at a delay time on the order of 100 ps

which is attributed to ablation driven by pressure relaxation in the surface layer. The formation dynamics of the surface structures at different length scales are individually resolved

and the sequence of their appearance changes with laser fluence is found. Cooling and complete resolidification

observed here for the first time

are shown to occur more slowly than previously predicted by two orders of magnitude. We examine and identify the mechanisms driving each of these dynamic steps. The visualization and control of morphological surface structural dynamics not only are of fundamental importance for understanding femtosecond laser-induced material responses but also pave the way for the design of new material functionalities through surface structuring.

关键词

Keywords

ablationfemtosecond lasersurface nano/microstructuresultrafast dynamicsultrafast imaging

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