Chaotic light at mid-infrared wavelength

Louise Jumpertz; Kevin Schires; Mathieu Carras; Marc Sciamanna; Frédéric Grillot

doi:10.1038/lsa.2016.88

Go to Nature Website

Your Location：

Home >

Browse articles >

Chaotic light at mid-infrared wavelength

Original Articles

- Chaotic light at mid-infrared wavelength
- Light: Science & Applications Vol. 5, Issue 3, (2016)
- Affiliations：
  
  1.CNRS LTCI, Télécom ParisTech, Université Paris Saclay, 75634 Paris Cedex 13, France
  2.mirSense, 86 rue de Paris, bat. Erable, 91400 Orsay, France
  3.LMOPS (Laboratoire Matériaux Optiques, Photonique et Systèmes), CentraleSupélec, Université Paris Saclay, 57070 Metz, France
  4.LMOPS (Laboratoire Matériaux Optiques, Photonique et Systèmes), CentraleSupélec, Université de Lorraine, 57070 Metz, France
  5.Center for High Technology Materials, University of New-Mexico, Albuquerque, 87106-4343 NM, USA
- Author bio：
  
  M Sciamanna, Email: marc.sciamanna@centralesupelec.fr
  F Grillot, Email: frederic.grillot@telecom-paristech.fr
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1038/lsa.2016.88
  CLC：
- Published：2016-09，
  
  Published Online：29 January 2016，
  
  Received：08 October 2015，
  
  Revised：27 January 2016，
  
  Accepted：27 January 2016
- Accepted：
Scan QR Code
Jumpertz, L. et al. Chaotic light at mid-infrared wavelength. Light: Science & Applications, 5, e16088 (2016).
DOI：

Jumpertz, L. et al. Chaotic light at mid-infrared wavelength. Light: Science & Applications, 5, e16088 (2016). DOI： 10.1038/lsa.2016.88.

摘要

Abstract

The onset of nonlinear dynamics and chaos is evidenced in a mid-infrared distributed feedback quantum cascade laser both in the temporal and frequency domains. As opposed to the commonly observed route to chaos in semiconductor lasers

which involves undamping of the laser relaxation oscillations

quantum cascade lasers first exhibit regular self-pulsation at the external cavity frequency before entering into a chaotic low-frequency fluctuation regime. The bifurcation sequence

similar to that already observed in class A gas lasers under optical feedback

results from the fast carrier relaxation dynamics occurring in quantum cascade lasers

as confirmed by numerical simulations. Such chaotic behavior can impact various practical applications including spectroscopy

which requires stable single-mode operation. It also allows the development of novel mid-infrared high-power chaotic light sources

thus enabling secure free-space high bit-rate optical communications based on chaos synchronization.

关键词

Keywords

chaosnonlinear dynamicsoptical feedbackquantum cascade laser

references

Faist J, Capasso F, Sivco DL, Sirtori C, Hutchinson ALet al. Quantum cascade laser.Science1994;264: 553–556..

Köhler R, Tredicucci A, Beltram F, Beere HE, Linfield EHet al. Terahertz semiconductor-heterostructure laser.Nature2002;417: 156–159..

Majumdar A, Ricklin J.Free-Space Laser Communications: Principles and Advances. New-York: Springer; 2010.

Martini R, Whittaker EA. Quantum cascade laser-based free space optical communications.J Opt Fiber Commun Rep2005;2: 279–292..

Blaser S, Hofstetter D, Beck M, Faist J. Free-space optical data link using Peltier-cooled quantum cascade laser.Electron Lett2001;37: 778–780..

Kosterev A, Wysocki G, Bakhirkin Y, So S, Lewicki Ret al. Application of quantum cascade lasers to trace gas analysis.Appl Phys B2008;90: 165–176..

Paschke K, Liu PQ, Michel APM, Smith J, Moshary Fet al. Quantum cascade laser for elastic-backscattering LIDAR measurement. In2010 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) and Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference (QELS). IEEE: San Jose, CA, USA; 2010..

Faist J.Quantum Cascade Lasers. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2013.

Beck M, Hofstetter D, Aellen T, Faist J, Oesterle Uet al. Continuous wave operation of a mid- infrared semiconductor laser at room temperature.Science2002;295: 301–305..

Razeghi M, Slivken S, Bai Y, Gokden B, Darvish SR. High power quantum cascade lasers.New J Phys2009;11: 125017..

Bai Y, Bandyopadhyay N, Tsao S, Slivken S, Razeghi M. Room temperature quantum cascade lasers with 27% wall plug efficiency.Appl Phys Lett2011;98: 181102..

Friedli P, Sigg H, Hinkov B, Hugi A, Riedi Set al. Four-wave mixing in a quantum cascade laser amplifier.Appl Phys Lett2013;102: 222104..

Mezzapesa FP, Columbo LL, Brambilla M, Dabbicco M, Borri Set al. Intrinsic stability of quantum cascade lasers against optical feedback.Opt Express2013;21: 13748–13757..

Columbo LL, Brambilla M. Multimode regimes in quantum cascade lasers with optical feedback.Opt Express2014;22: 10105–10118..

Erneux T, Kovanis V, Gavrielides A. Nonlinear dynamics of an injected quantum cascade laser.Phys Rev E2013;88: 032907..

Wang C, Grillot F, Kovanis Ⅵ, Bodyfelt JD, Even J. Modulation properties of optically injection-locked quantum cascade lasers.Opt Lett2013;38: 1975–1977..

Taubman MS, Myers TL, Cannon BD, Williams RM. Stabilization, injection and control of quantum cascade lasers, and their application to chemical sensing in the infrared.Spectrochim Acta A2004;60: 3457–3468..

Baryshev A, Hovenier JN, Adam AJL, Kašalynas I, Gao JRet al. Phase locking and spectral linewidth of a two-mode terahertz quantum cascade laser.Appl Phys Lett2006;89: 031115..

Borri S, Galli I, Cappelli F, Bismuto A, Bartalini Set al. Direct link of a mid-infrared QCL to a frequency comb by optical injection.Opt Lett2012;37: 1011–1013..

St-Jean MR, Amanti MI, Bernard A, Calvar A, Bismuto Aet al. Injection locking of mid-infrared quantum cascade laser at 14 GHz, by direct microwave modulation.Laser Photon Rev2014;8: 443–449..

Juretzka C, Simos H, Bogris A, Syvridis D, Elsässer Wet al. Intensity noise properties of mid- infrared injection locked quantum cascade lasers: Ⅱ. Experiments.IEEE J Quant Electron2015;51: 1–8..

Juretzka C, Breuer S, Drzewietzki L, Schad F, Carras Met al. 9.5 dB relative intensity noise reduction in quantum cascade laser by detuned loading.Electron Lett2013;49: 1548–1550..

Hugi A, Maulini R, Faist J. External cavity quantum cascade laser.Semicond Sci Tech2010;25: 083001..

Jumpertz L, Carras M, Schires K, Grillot F. Regimes of external optical feedback in 5.6 μm distributed feedback mid-infrared quantum cascade lasers.Appl Phys Lett2014;105: 131112..

Rana F, Ram RJ. Current noise and photon noise in quantum cascade lasers.Phys Rev B2002;65: 125313–125342..

Capasso F, Paiella R, Martini R, Colombelli R, Gmachl Cet al. Quantum cascade lasers: ultrahigh-speed operation, optical wireless communication, narrow linewidth, and far-infrared emission.IEEE J Quant Electron2002;38: 511–532..

Petitjean Y, Destic F, Mollier JC, Sirtori C. Dynamic modeling of terahertz quantum cascade lasers.IEEE J Sel Top Quant Electron2001;17: 22–29..

Haldar MK. A simplified analysis of direct intensity modulationof quantum cascade lasers.IEEE J Quant Electron2005;41: 1349–1355..

Sciamanna M, Shore KA. Physics and applications of laser diode chaos.Nat Photon2015;9: 151–162..

Kuwashima F, Iwasawa H. Chaotic oscillations in single-mode class A laser with long optical delayed feedback.Jpn J Appl Phys2007;46: 1526..

Pieroux D, Mandel P. Bifurcation diagram of a complex delay-differential equation with cubic nonlinearity.Phys Rev E2003;67: 056213..

Bosco AKD, Wolfersberger D, Sciamanna M. Delay-induced deterministic resonance of chaotic dynamics.Europhys Lett2013;101: 24001..

Kelleher B, Hegarty SP, Huyet G. Optically injected lasers: the transition from class B to class A lasers.Phys Rev E2012;86: 066206..

Otto C, Lüdge K, Viktorov EA, Erneux T. Quantum dot laser tolerance to optical feedback. In: Lüdge K, editor.Nonlinear Laser Dynamics-From Quantum Dots to Cryptography. Weinheim: Wiley. 2011; pp 141–162.

Gmachl C, Capasso F, Narimanov EE, Nöckel JU, Stone ADet al. High-power directional emission from microlasers with chaotic resonators.Science1998;280: 1556–1564..

Evans A, Yu JS, David J, Doris L, Mi Ket al. High-temperature, high-power, continuous-wave operation of buried heterostructure quantum-cascade lasers.Appl Phys Lett2004;84: 314–316..

Carras M, Maisons G, Simozrag B, Garcia M, Parillaud Oet al. Room-temperature continuous-wave metal grating distributed feedback quantum cascade lasers.Appl Phys Lett2010;96: 161105..

Trinité V, Ouerghemmi E, Guériaux V, Carras M, Nedelcu Aet al. Modelling of electronic transport in quantum well infrared photodetectors.Infrared Phys Technol2011;54: 204–208..

Alsing PM, Kovanis V, Gavrielides A, Erneux T. Lang and Kobayashi phase equation.Phys Rev A1996;53: 4429–4434..

van Tartwijk GHM, Levine AM, Lenstra D. Sisyphus effect in semiconductor lasers with optical feedback.IEEE J Sel Top Quant Electron1995;1: 466–472..

Sciamanna M, Masoller C, Rogister F, Mégret P, Abraham NBet al. Fast pulsing dynamics of a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser operating in the low-frequency fluctuation regime.Phys Rev A2003;68: 015805..

Sukow DW, Gardner JR, Gauthier DJ. Statistics of power-dropout events in semiconductor lasers with time-delayed optical feedback.Phys Rev A1997;56: R3370–R3373..

Eguia MC, Mindlin GB. Semiconductor laser with optical feedback: From excitable to deterministic low-frequency fluctuations.Phys Rev E1999;60: 1551–1557..

Heil T, Fischer I, Elsässer WE, Mulet J, Mirasso CR. Statistical properties of low-frequency fluctuations during single-mode operation in distributed-feedback lasers: experiments and modeling.Opt Lett1999;24: 1275–1277..

Lang R, Kobayashi K. External optical feedback effects on semiconductor injection laser properties.IEEE J Quant Electron1980;16: 347–355..

Grillot F. On the effects on an antireflection coating impairment on the sensitivity to optical feedback of AR/HR semiconductor DFB lasers.IEEE J Quant Electron2009;45: 720–729..

Henry CH. Theory of the linewidth of semiconductor lasers.IEEE J Quant Electron1982;18: 259–264..

von Staden J, Gensty T, Peil M, Elsässer W, Giuilani Get al. Measurement of the linewidth enhancement factor of quantum cascade lasers by the self-mixing technique. In: Lenstra D, Pessa M, White IH, editors.Proceedings of SPIESemiconductor Lasers and Laser Dynamics II. SPIE: Strasbourg, France. 2006; 6184: 61841E..

Hakki BW, Paoli TL. Gain spectra in GaAs double-heterostructure injection lasers.J Appl Phys1975;46: 1299–1306..

Henning ID, Collins JV. Measurements of the semiconductor laser linewidth broadening factor.Electron Lett1983;19: 927–929..

Grillot F, Dagens B, Provost JG, Su H, Lester LF. Gain compression and above threshold linewidth enhancement factor in 1.3 μm InAs-GaAs quantum dots lasers.IEEE J Quant Electron2008;40: 946–951..

Jumpertz L, Ferré S, Schires K, Carras M, Grillot F. Nonlinear dynamics of quantum cascade lasers with optical feedback. In: Razeghi M, Tournié E, Brown GJ, editors.Proceedings of SPIE-Quantum Sensing and Nanophotonic Devices XII. SPIE: San Francisco, CA, USA. 2015; 9370: 937014.

Jumpertz L, Michel F, Pawlus R, Elsässer W, Schires Ket al. Measurements of the linewidth enhancement factor of mid-infrared quantum cascade lasers by different optical feedback techniques.AIP Adv2016;6: 015212..

Hangauer A, Spinner G, Nikodem M, Wysocki G. High frequency modulation capabilities and quasi single-sideband emission from a quantum cascade laser.Opt Express2014;22: 23439–23455..

Toupin P, Brilland L, Renversez G, Troles J. All-solid all-chalcogenide microstructured optical fiber.Opt Express2013;21: 14643–14648..

LaViolette KD. The impact of Rayleigh backscatter induced noise on QPSK transmission with Fabry-Perot lasers.IEEE Photon Technol Lett1996;8: 706–708..

Lin FY, Liu JM. Chaotic lidar.IEEE J Sel Top Quant Electron2004;10: 991–997..

Lin CY, Grillot F, Li Y, Raghunathan R, Lester LF. Microwave characterization and stabilization of timing jitter in a quantum-dot passively mode-locked laser via external optical feedback.IEEE J Sel Top Quant Electron2011;17: 1311–1317..

Views

Downloads

CSCD

Alert me when the article has been cited

Submit

Tools

Publicity Resources

Continuous-wave laser operation of a dipole antenna terahertz microresonator

Intermittent chaos for ergodic light trapping in a photonic fiber plate

Related Author

Luca Masini

Alessandro Pitanti

Lorenzo Baldacci

Miriam S Vitiello

Riccardo Degl'Innocenti

Harvey E Beere

David A Ritchie

Alessandro Tredicucci

Related Institution

NEST, CNR—Istituto Nanoscienze and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12

Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue

NEST, CNR—Istituto Nanoscienze and Dipartimento di Fisica 'E. Fermi', Università degli studi di Pisa

ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels (Barcelona)

Département de Physique, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus de la Plaine, Bruxelles B

⁰