
1.Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
2.GRINTECH GmbH, Jena 07745, Germany
3.Science and Technology Division, Corning Incorporated, Corning, NY 14831, USA
X Li, E-mail: xingde@jhu.edu
Published:2017-12,
Published Online:10 May 2017,
Received:01 January 2017,
Revised:06 May 2017,
Accepted:07 May 2017
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Liang, W. X. et al. Nonlinear optical endomicroscopy for label-free functional histology in vivo. Light: Science & Applications, 6, e17082 (2017).
Liang, W. X. et al. Nonlinear optical endomicroscopy for label-free functional histology in vivo. Light: Science & Applications, 6, e17082 (2017). DOI: 10.1038/lsa.2017.82.
This manuscript reports on the first two-photon
label-free
metabolic imaging of biological tissues
in vivo
at histological resolution on an extremely compact
fiber-optic endomicroscopy platform. This system provides new opportunities for performing non-invasive and functional histological imaging of internal organs
in vivo
in situ
and in real time. As a routine clinical procedure
traditional histology has made significant impacts on medicine. However
the procedure is invasive and time consuming
suffers random sampling errors
and cannot provide
in vivo
functional information. The technology reported here features an extremely compact and flexible fiber-optic probe ~2 mm in diameter
enabling direct access to internal organs. Unprecedented two-photon imaging quality comparable to a large bench-top laser scanning microscope was achieved through technological innovations in double-clad fiber optics and miniature objective lenses (among many others). In addition to real-time label-free visualization of biological tissues
in situ
with subcellular histological detail
we demonstrated for the first time
in vivo
two-photon endomicroscopic metabolic imaging on a functioning mouse kidney model. Such breakthroughs in nonlinear endoscopic imaging capability present numerous promising opportunities for paradigm-shifting applications in both clinical diagnosis and basic research.
functional histology in vivolabel-free imagingnonlinear endomicroscopytwo-photon metabolic imaging
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