Experimental realization of chiral Landau levels in two-dimensional Dirac cone systems with inhomogeneous effective mass

Hongwei Jia; Mudi Wang; Shaojie Ma; Ruo-Yang Zhang; Jing Hu; Dongyang Wang; Che Ting Chan

doi:10.1038/s41377-023-01209-z

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Experimental realization of chiral Landau levels in two-dimensional Dirac cone systems with inhomogeneous effective mass

Original Articles

- Experimental realization of chiral Landau levels in two-dimensional Dirac cone systems with inhomogeneous effective mass
- Light: Science & Applications Vol. 12, Issue 8, Pages: 1616-1622(2023)
- Affiliations：
  
  1.Department of Physics, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
  2.Institute for Advanced Study, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
  3.Department of Physics, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Author bio：
  
  Hongwei Jia (jiahongwei7133@gmail.com)
  Che Ting Chan (phchan@ust.hk)
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1038/s41377-023-01209-z
  CLC：
- Published：31 August 2023，
  
  Published Online：04 July 2023，
  
  Received：03 January 2023，
  
  Revised：06 June 2023，
  
  Accepted：12 June 2023
- Accepted：
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Jia, H. W. et al. Experimental realization of chiral Landau levels in two-dimensional Dirac cone systems with inhomogeneous effective mass. Light: Science & Applications, 12, 1616-1622 (2023).
DOI：

Jia, H. W. et al. Experimental realization of chiral Landau levels in two-dimensional Dirac cone systems with inhomogeneous effective mass. Light: Science & Applications, 12, 1616-1622 (2023). DOI： 10.1038/s41377-023-01209-z.

摘要

Abstract

Chiral zeroth Landau levels are topologically protected bulk states. In particle physics and condensed matter physics

the chiral zeroth Landau level plays a significant role in breaking chiral symmetry and gives rise to the chiral anomaly. Previous experimental works on such chiral Landau levels are mainly based on three-dimensional Weyl degeneracies coupled with axial magnetic fields. Their realizations using two-dimensional Dirac point systems

being more promising for future applications

were never experimentally realized before. Here we propose an experimental scheme for realizing chiral Landau levels in a two-dimensional photonic system. By introducing an inhomogeneous effective mass through breaking local parity-inversion symmetries

a synthetic in-plane magnetic field is generated and coupled with the Dirac quasi-particles. Consequently

the zeroth-order chiral Landau levels can be induced

and the one-way propagation characteristics are experimentally observed. In addition

the robust transport of the chiral zeroth mode against defects in the system is also experimentally tested. Our system provides a new pathway for the realization of chiral Landau levels in two-dimensional Dirac cone systems

and may potentially be applied in device designs utilizing the chiral response and transport robustness.

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