Versatile photonic molecule switch in multimode microresonators

Zihan Tao; Bitao Shen; Wencan Li; Luwen Xing; Haoyu Wang; Yichen Wu; Yuansheng Tao; Yan Zhou; Yandong He; Chao Peng; Haowen Shu; Xingjun Wang

doi:10.1038/s41377-024-01399-0

Your Location：

Home >

Browse articles >

Versatile photonic molecule switch in multimode microresonators

Original Articles

- Versatile photonic molecule switch in multimode microresonators
- Light: Science & Applications Vol. 13, Issue 3, Pages: 498-509(2024)
- Affiliations：
  
  1.State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communications System and Networks, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
  2.College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
  3.School of Integrated Circuits, Peking University, 100871 Bejing, China
  4.Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Nantong 226010, China
  5.Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
  6.Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Author bio：
  
  Haowen Shu (haowenshu@pku.edu.cn)
  Xingjun Wang (xjwang@pku.edu.cn)
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1038/s41377-024-01399-0
  CLC：
- Received：17 August 2023，
  
  Revised：15 January 2024，
  
  Accepted：2024-01-25，
  
  Published Online：20 February 2024，
  
  Published：31 March 2024
- Accepted：
Scan QR Code
Tao, Z. H. et al. Versatile photonic molecule switch in multimode microresonators. Light: Science & Applications, 13, 498-509 (2024).
DOI：

Tao, Z. H. et al. Versatile photonic molecule switch in multimode microresonators. Light: Science & Applications, 13, 498-509 (2024). DOI： 10.1038/s41377-024-01399-0.

摘要

Abstract

Harnessing optical supermode interaction to construct artificial photonic molecules has uncovered a series of fundamental optical phenomena analogous to atomic physics. Previously

the distinct energy levels and interactions in such two-level systems were provided by coupled microresonators. The reconfigurability is limited

as they often require delicate external field stimuli or mechanically altering the geometric factors. These highly specific approaches also limit potential applications. Here

we propose a versatile on-chip photonic molecule in a multimode microring

utilizing a flexible regulation methodology to dynamically control the existence and interaction strength of spatial modes. The transition between single/multi-mode states enables the "switched-off/on" functionality of the photonic molecule

supporting wider generalized applications scenarios. In particular

"switched-on" state shows flexible and multidimensional mode splitting control in aspects of both coupling strength and phase difference

equivalent to the a.c. and d.c. Stark effect. "Switched-off" state allows for perfect low-loss single-mode transition (Q

~ 10 million) under an ultra-compact bend size (FSR ~ 115 GHz) in a foundry-based silicon microring. It breaks the stereotyped image of the FSR-Q factor trade-off

enabling ultra-wideband and high-resolution millimeter-wave photonic operations. Our dem

onstration provides a flexible and portable solution for the integrated photonic molecule system

extending its research scope from fundamental physics to real-world applications such as nonlinear optical signal processing and sixth-generation wireless communication.

关键词

Keywords

references

Bayer, M. et al. Optical modes in photonic molecules. Phys. Rev. Lett. 81 , 2582–2585 (1998)..

Lu, X. et al. Selective engineering of cavity resonance for frequency matching in optical parametric processes. Appl. Phys. Lett. 105 , 151104 (2014)..

Ta, V. D., Chen, R. & Sun, H. D. Coupled polymer microfiber lasers for single mode operation and enhanced refractive index sensing. Adv. Opt. Mater. 2 , 220–225 (2014)..

Miri, M. A. & Alù, A. Exceptional points in optics and photonics. Science 363 , eaar7709 (2019)..

Zhou, Z. et al. Prospects and applications of on-chip lasers. eLight 3 , 1 (2023)..

Lee, H. et al. Chiral exceptional point and coherent suppression of backscattering in silicon microring with low loss Mie scatterer. eLight 3 , 20 (2023)..

Liao, K. et al. Photonic molecule quantum optics. Adv. Opt. Photonics 12 , 60–134 (2020)..

Helgason, Ó. B. et al. Dissipative solitons in photonic molecules. Nat. Photonics 15 , 305–310 (2021)..

Tikan, A. et al. Emergent nonlinear phenomena in a driven dissipative photonic dimer. Nat. Phys. 17 , 604–610 (2021)..

Hsu, C. W. et al. Bound states in the continuum. Nat. Rev. Mater. 1 , 16048 (2016)..

Zhang, M. et al. Electronically programmable photonic molecule. Nat. Photonics 13 , 36–40 (2019)..

Kapfinger, S. et al. Dynamic acousto-optic control of a strongly coupled photonic molecule. Nat. Commun. 6 , 8540 (2015)..

Siegle, T. et al. Photonic molecules with a tunable inter-cavity gap. Light Sci. Appl. 6 , e16224 (2017)..

Woska, S. et al. Tunable coupling of chip-scale photonic molecules via thermal actuation. Opt. Mater. Express 11 , 3194–3207 (2021)..

Wang, J. W. et al. Integrated programmable strongly coupled three-ring resonator photonic molecule with ultralow-power piezoelectric control. Opt. Lett. 48 , 2373–2376 (2023)..

Yang, C. et al. Realization of controllable photonic molecule based on three ultrahigh-Q microtoroid cavities. Laser Photonics Rev. 11 , 1600178 (2017)..

Lu, X. Y. et al. Universal frequency engineering tool for microcavity nonlinear optics: multiple selective mode splitting of whispering-gallery resonances. Photonics Res. 8 , 1676–1686 (2020)..

Lu, X. Y., McClung, A. & Srinivasan, K. High- Q slow light and its localization in a photonic crystal microring. Nat. Photonics 16 , 66–71 (2022)..

Billat, A. et al. Large second harmonic generation enhancement in Si 3 N 4 waveguides by all-optically induced quasi-phase-matching. Nat. Commun. 8 , 1016 (2017)..

Hu, J. Q. et al. Photo-induced cascaded harmonic and comb generation in silicon nitride microresonators. Sci. Adv. 8 , eadd8252 (2022)..

Lei, F. C. et al. Hyperparametric oscillation via bound states in the continuum. Phys. Rev. Lett. 130 , 093801 (2023)..

Liu, K. K. et al. 36 Hz integral linewidth laser based on a photonic integrated 4.0 m coil resonator. Optica 9 , 770–775 (2022)..

Zhang, L. et al. Ultralow-loss silicon photonics beyond the singlemode regime. Laser Photonics Rev. 16 , 2100292 (2022)..

Zhang, L. et al. Ultrahigh- Q silicon racetrack reso nators. Photonics Res. 8 , 684–689 (2020)..

Ji, X. R. et al. Compact, spatial-mode-interaction-free, ultralow-loss, nonlinear photonic integrated circuits. Commun. Phys. 5 , 84 (2022)..

Liu, Y. et al. Integrated microwave photonic filters. Adv. Opt. Photonics 12 , 485–555 (2020)..

Yao, J. P. & Capmany, J. Microwave photonics. Sci. China Inf. Sci. 65 , 221401 (2022)..

Yariv, A. Coupled-mode theory for guided-wave optics. IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 9 , 919–933 (1973)..

Foot, C. J. Atomic Physics . (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004).

Zhang, M. et al. Monolithic ultra-high- Q lithium niobate microring resonator. Optica 4 , 1536–1537 (2017)..

Miller, S. A. et al. Low-loss silicon platform for broadband mid-infrared photonics. Optica 4 , 707–712 (2017)..

Ji, X. C. et al. Ultra-low-loss on-chip resonators with sub-milliwatt parametric oscillation threshold. Optica 4 , 619–624 (2017)..

Tan, M. X. et al. Photonic radio frequency channelizers based on Kerr optical micro-combs. J. Semiconductors 42 , 041302 (2021)..

Tao, Z. H. et al. Highly reconfigurable silicon integrated microwave photonic filter towards next-generation wireless communication. Photonics Res. 11 , 682–694 (2023)..

Daulay, O. et al. Ultrahigh dynamic range and low noise figure programmable integrated microwave photonic filter. Nat. Commun. 13 , 7798 (2022)..

Li, W. Z., Li, M. & Yao, J. P. A narrow-passband and frequency-tunable microwave photonic filter based on phase-modulation to intensity-modulation conversion using a phase-shifted fiber Bragg grating. IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. 60 , 1287–1296 (2012)..

Bogaerts, W. et al. Silicon microring resonators. Laser Photonics Rev. 6 , 47–73 (2012)..

Akyildiz, I. F., Kak, A. & Nie, S. 6 G and beyond: the future of wireless communications systems. IEEE Access 8 , 133995–134030 (2020)..

Zhuang, L. M. et al. Programmable photonic signal processor chip for radiofrequency applications. Optica 2 , 854–859 (2015)..

Zou, F. et al. Optoelectronic oscillator for 5 G wireless networks and beyond. J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 54 , 423002 (2021)..

Zhang, W. F. & Yao, J. P. Silicon photonic integrated optoelectronic oscillator for frequency-tunable microwave generation. J. Lightwave Technol. 36 , 4655–4663 (2018)..

Ye, Z. C. et al. Foundry manufacturing of tight-confinement, dispersion-engineered, ultralow-loss silicon nitride photonic integrated circuits. Photonics Res. 11 , 558–568 (2023)..

Ji, X. C. et al. Exploiting ultralow loss multimode waveguides for broadband frequency combs. Laser Photonics Rev. 15 , 2000353 (2021)..

Liu, Y. et al. A photonic integrated circuit–based erbium-doped amplifier. Science 376 , 1309–1313 (2022)..

Sato, Y. et al. Strong coupling between distant photonic nanocavities and its dynamic control. Nat. Photonics 6 , 56–61 (2012)..

Xu, H. N. et al. Breaking the resolution-bandwidth limit of chip-scale spectrometry by harnessing a dispersion-engineered photonic molecule. Light Sci. Appl. 12 , 64 (2023)..

Zhang, Y. J. et al. Broadband high-q multimode silicon concentric racetrack resonators for widely tunable Raman lasers. Nat. Commun. 13 , 3534 (2022)..

Zhang, Y. J., Zhong, K. Y. & Tsang, H. K. Compact multimode silicon racetrack resonators for high-efficiency tunable Raman lasers. Appl. Phys. Lett. 122 , 081101 (2023)..

Xu, H. N. et al. Million- Q integrated fabry-perot cavity using ultralow-loss multimode retroreflectors. Photonics Res. 10 , 2549–2559 (2022)..

Zhang, Y. G. et al. Design and demonstration of ultra-high- Q silicon microring resonator based on a multi-mode ridge waveguide. Opt. Lett. 43 , 1586–1589 (2018)..

Zhang, B. H. et al. Compact multi-million Q resonators and 100 MHz passband filter bank in a thick-SOI photonics platform. Opt. Lett. 45 , 3005–3008 (2020)..

Qiu, H. Q. et al. A continuously tunable sub-gigahertz microwave photonic bandpass filter based on an ultra-high-Q silicon microring resonator. J. Lightwave Technol. 36 , 4312–4318 (2018)..

Views

Downloads

CSCD

Alert me when the article has been cited

Submit

Tools

Publicity Resources

No data

Related Author

No data

Related Institution

No data

⁰