Free-standing microscale photonic lantern spatial mode (De-)multiplexer fabricated using 3D nanoprinting

Yoav Dana; Yehudit Garcia; Aleksei Kukin; Lauren Dallachiesa; Sterenn Guerrier; Nicolas K. Fontaine; Dan M. Marom

doi:10.1038/s41377-024-01466-6

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Free-standing microscale photonic lantern spatial mode (De-)multiplexer fabricated using 3D nanoprinting

Article

- Free-standing microscale photonic lantern spatial mode (De-)multiplexer fabricated using 3D nanoprinting
- Light: Science & Applications Vol. 13, Issue 6, Pages: 1170-1185(2024)
- Affiliations：
- Author bio：
  
  ayoav.dana@mail.huji.ac.il
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1038/s41377-024-01466-6
  CLC：
- Received：19 November 2023，
  
  Revised：04 April 2024，
  
  Accepted：2024-04-25，
  
  Published Online：03 June 2024，
  
  Published：2024-12
- Accepted：
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Yoav Dana, Yehudit Garcia, Aleksei Kukin, et al. Free-standing microscale photonic lantern spatial mode (De-)multiplexer fabricated using 3D nanoprinting[J]. Light: science & applications, 2024, 13(6): 1170-1185.
DOI：

Yoav Dana, Yehudit Garcia, Aleksei Kukin, et al. Free-standing microscale photonic lantern spatial mode (De-)multiplexer fabricated using 3D nanoprinting[J]. Light: science & applications, 2024, 13(6): 1170-1185. DOI： 10.1038/s41377-024-01466-6.

摘要

Abstract

Photonic lantern (PL) spatial multiplexers show great promise for a range of applications

such as future high-capacity mode division multiplexing (MDM) optical communication networks and free-space optical communication. They enable efficient conversion between multiple single-mode (SM) sources and a multimode (MM) waveguide of the same dimension. PL multiplexers operate by facilitating adiabatic transitions between the SM arrayed space and the single MM space. However

current fabrication methods are forcing the size of these devices to multi-millimeters

making integration with micro-scale photonic systems quite challenging. The advent of 3D micro and nano printing techniques enabl

es the fabrication of freestanding photonic structures with a high refractive index contrast (photopolymer-air). In this work we present the design

fabrication

and characterization of a 6-mode mixing

375

µm

long PL that enables the conversion between six single-mode inputs and a single six-mode waveguide. The PL was designed using a genetic algorithm based inverse design approach and fabricated directly on a 7-core fiber using a commercial two-photon polymerization-based 3D printer and a photopolymer. Although the waveguides exhibit high index contrast

low insertion loss (−2.6 dB)

polarization dependent (−0.2 dB) and mode dependent loss (−4.4 dB) were measured.

A diminutive 3D nano-printed photonic lantern supporting multiplexing of six input sources to a six-mode optical fiber is demonstrated

at 375 μm total length

exhibiting low insertion

polarization and mode-dependent loss.

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references

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