Advances in large viewing angle and achromatic 3D holography

Jiaming Huang; Yu Chen; Guixin Li

doi:10.1038/s41377-024-01468-4

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Advances in large viewing angle and achromatic 3D holography

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- Advances in large viewing angle and achromatic 3D holography
- role： First author , 第一作者 ,
  
  Affiliation：
  Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
  
  Email：
  
  No information about the author is available
  Huang Jiaming
  1 ,
  role：
  
  Affiliation：
  Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
  
  Email：
  
  No information about the author is available
  Chen Yu
  1 ,
  role： Corresponding author , 通讯作者 ,
  
  Affiliation：
  Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
  Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
  
  Email： ligx@sustech.edu.cn
  
  Introduction： Guixin Li (ligx@sustech.edu.cn)
  
  No information about the author is available
  Li Guixin
  12 ,
- Light: Science & Applications Vol. 13, Issue 7, Pages: 1224-1225(2024)
- Affiliations：
  
  1.Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
  2.Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Author bio：
  
  Guixin Li (ligx@sustech.edu.cn)
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1038/s41377-024-01468-4
  CLC：
- Published：31 July 2024，
  
  Published Online：07 June 2024，
- Accepted：
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Huang, J. M., Chen, Y. & Li, G. X. Advances in large viewing angle and achromatic 3D holography. Light: Science & Applications, 13, 1224-1225 (2024).
DOI：

Huang, J. M., Chen, Y. & Li, G. X. Advances in large viewing angle and achromatic 3D holography. Light: Science & Applications, 13, 1224-1225 (2024). DOI： 10.1038/s41377-024-01468-4.

Abstract

Optical holography is a promising technique to achieve a naked-eye 3D display. However, the narrow viewing angle and chromatic aberration are the two key issues that usually limit the holographic display performance. A recent work proposes a novel way to circumvent these constraints by introducing a color liquid crystal grating into a time-sequenced holography system.

transl

Holography, firstly proposed by D. Gabor in 1948 to solve the image aberration problem of electron microscopes

1, is a technique through which we are able to record and reconstruct the wavefront information of 3D objects. Along with the fast development of laser technology and computer-generated holography (CGH)^{Reference 2

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2}, the concept of colorful holographic display was proposed. However, all the diffractive optical elements, including liquid crystal-based spatial light modulators (SLMs), exhibit strong dispersion effects. This means that the holographic images at different illumination wavelengths have different sizes. Therefore, it has been challenging to realize achromatic holographic display.

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In imaging applications, the dispersion effects from diffractive optics can be greatly reduced by designing achromatic metalens

3,4 and multi-level diffractive lens^{Reference 5

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5}. However, a similar concept is difficult to be applied to the fields of holographic display. In 2003, the time division multiplexing method was proposed and used to demonstrate the bi-color holographic display^{Reference 6

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6}. After about two decades, people were able to demonstrate real-time 3D colorful holography by using large-scale hologram datasets and convolutional neural network method^{Reference 7

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7}. Later, the model-driven neural network method^{Reference 8

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8,Reference 9

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9} was developed to reduce the requirement of hologram datasets and realize full-color and high-fidelity CGH. By further introducing a liquid lens into the holographic display system, the real-time 3D scene hologram acquisition was also successfully demonstrated^{Reference 9

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9}.

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It should be noted that the viewing angle in holographic displays relies on the pixel size of the holograms. In the metasurface diffractive optical elements, the pixel size is usually at the sub-wavelength scale, therefore the viewing angle of a corresponding holographic image is up to 60 degrees

10. In comparison, the viewing angle of the conventional SLM-based holographic display is usually less than 10 degrees, which will definitely limit the practical application of related technologies. To overcome this obstacle, Qionghua Wang's group from Beihang University proposes to introduce a color liquid crystal grating into the time-sequenced holographic system.

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In the recent work published in Light: Science & Applications

11, Di Wang et al. demonstrated a chromatic aberration-free 3D holographic display system with a viewing angle of about 50 degrees. As shown in Fig. 1, the display system mainly consists of three sections: the red, green, and blue (RGB) laser sources, an SLM, and a color liquid crystal grating. The working principle is briefly summarized as follows. Firstly, a target 3D image is decomposed into the RGB channels, and the computer-generated holograms of the three channels are then calculated. By controlling the time sequence of the laser output and the holograms on the SLM, the holographic images in the RGB channels can be displayed with negligible chromatic aberration effect. The diffraction angles of the RGB images can be further controlled by superposing the geometric phase gradients into the hologram patterns on the SLM. Secondly, a self-developed color liquid crystal grating is inserted into the optical path to enlarge the viewing angles of the holographic images through a cascaded diffraction process. The color liquid crystal grating is composed of the RGB sub-gratings which have pre-defined periods. When the RGB holographic images pass through the corresponding sub-gratings, they propagate to the different diffraction orders.

transl

Fig 1 Concept of the achromatic holography with large viewing angle.

The red, green, and blue lasers are incident on the time-sequenced hologram patterns on the SLM, and the RGB holographic images are projected on the three predefined sections on the color liquid crystal grating. The RGB images are further diffracted to multiple diffraction orders. Finally, the achromatic holographic display with a large view angle is demonstrated

Download: Full-size image | High-res image | Low-res image

As the periods of the RGB sub-gratings are much larger than the wavelength of visible light, one can see multiple diffraction orders. To overlap the RGB holographic images at the required diffraction direction, the incident angles should match well with the grating periods. By judiciously controlling the applied voltage on the color liquid crystal grating, the diffraction efficiency at each order is almost the same as each other. Finally, the authors are able to synthesize colorful 3D holographic images at seven diffraction orders with the largest viewing angle of about 50 degrees. Based on the human eye's persistence effect, the colorful holographic images can be seen at the same time as long as the refreshing rate of SLM is fast enough.

transl

In summary, the color liquid crystal grating-based holographic display system provides a novel and feasible solution to realize large viewing angles and achromatic 3D holography. The viewing angle of the holographic image can be further increased by reducing the pitch size of both SLM and the color liquid crystal grating. The demonstrated achromatic holography may have important applications in multi-channel bio-imaging, parallel optical information processing, and AR/VR applications.

transl

Funding

This work was supported by the National Key Technologies R&D Program of China (2022YFA1404301), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (12161141010).

transl

Conflict of interest

The author declares no competing interests.

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References

Gabor, D. A new microscopic principle.Nature161, 777–778 (1948).. [Baidu Scholar]

Lohmann, A. W.&Paris, D. P. Binary fraunhofer holograms, generated by computer.Appl. Opt.6, 1739–1748 (1967).. [Baidu Scholar]

Wang, S. M. et al. A broadband achromatic metalens in the visible.Nat. Nanotechnol.13, 227–232 (2018).. [Baidu Scholar]

Chen, W. T. et al. A broadband achromatic metalens for focusing and imaging in the visible.Nat. Nanotechnol.13, 220–226 (2018).. [Baidu Scholar]

Chen, C. et al. Spectral tomographic imaging with aplanatic metalens.Light Sci. Appl.8, 99 (2019).. [Baidu Scholar]

Shimobaba, T.&Ito, T. A color holographic reconstruction system by time division multiplexing with reference lights of laser.Opt. Rev.10, 339–341 (2003).. [Baidu Scholar]

Shi, L. et al. Towards real-time photorealistic 3D holography with deep neural networks.Nature591, 234–239 (2021).. [Baidu Scholar]

Liu, K. X. et al. 4K-DMDNet: diffraction model-driven network for 4K computer-generated holography.Opto-Electron. Adv.6, 220135 (2023).. [Baidu Scholar]

Wang, D. et al. Liquid lens based holographic camera for real 3D scene hologram acquisition using end-to-end physical model-driven network.Light Sci. Appl.13, 62 (2024).. [Baidu Scholar]

Zheng, G. X. et al. Metasurface holograms reaching 80% efficiency.Nat. Nanotechnol.10, 308–312 (2015).. [Baidu Scholar]

Wang, D. et al. Color liquid crystal gratingbased color holographic 3D display system with large viewing angle.Light Sci. Appl.13, 16 (2024).. [Baidu Scholar]

摘要

Abstract

Optical holography is a promising technique to achieve a naked-eye 3D display. However

the narrow viewing angle and chromatic aberration are the two key issues that usually limit the holographic display performance. A recent work proposes a novel way to circumvent these constraints by introducing a color liquid crystal grating into a time-sequenced holography system.

关键词

Keywords

references

Gabor, D. A new microscopic principle.Nature161, 777–778 (1948)..

Lohmann, A. W.&Paris, D. P. Binary fraunhofer holograms, generated by computer.Appl. Opt.6, 1739–1748 (1967)..

Wang, S. M. et al. A broadband achromatic metalens in the visible.Nat. Nanotechnol.13, 227–232 (2018)..

Chen, W. T. et al. A broadband achromatic metalens for focusing and imaging in the visible.Nat. Nanotechnol.13, 220–226 (2018)..

Chen, C. et al. Spectral tomographic imaging with aplanatic metalens.Light Sci. Appl.8, 99 (2019)..

Shimobaba, T.&Ito, T. A color holographic reconstruction system by time division multiplexing with reference lights of laser.Opt. Rev.10, 339–341 (2003)..

Shi, L. et al. Towards real-time photorealistic 3D holography with deep neural networks.Nature591, 234–239 (2021)..

Liu, K. X. et al. 4K-DMDNet: diffraction model-driven network for 4K computer-generated holography.Opto-Electron. Adv.6, 220135 (2023)..

Wang, D. et al. Liquid lens based holographic camera for real 3D scene hologram acquisition using end-to-end physical model-driven network.Light Sci. Appl.13, 62 (2024)..

Zheng, G. X. et al. Metasurface holograms reaching 80% efficiency.Nat. Nanotechnol.10, 308–312 (2015)..

Wang, D. et al. Color liquid crystal gratingbased color holographic 3D display system with large viewing angle.Light Sci. Appl.13, 16 (2024)..

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