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1.State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
2.Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Integrated Circuits, 100084 Beijing, China
Chen Wang (chenwang0101@tsinghua.edu.cn)
Received:16 September 2023,
Revised:09 April 2024,
Accepted:2024-05-15,
Published Online:29 June 2024,
Published:31 July 2024
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Wu, Y. F. et al. Emerging probing perspective of two-dimensional materials physics: terahertz emission spectroscopy. Light: Science & Applications, 13, 1278-1298 (2024).
Wu, Y. F. et al. Emerging probing perspective of two-dimensional materials physics: terahertz emission spectroscopy. Light: Science & Applications, 13, 1278-1298 (2024). DOI: 10.1038/s41377-024-01486-2.
Terahertz (THz) emission spectroscopy (TES) has emerged as a highly effective and versatile technique for investigating the photoelectric properties of diverse materials and nonlinear physical processes in the past few decades. Concurrently
research on two-dimensional (2D) materials has experienced substantial growth due to their atomically thin structures
exceptional mechanical and optoelectronic properties
and the potential for applications in flexible electronics
sensing
and nanoelectronics. Specifically
these materials offer advantages such as tunable bandgap
high carrier mobility
wideband optical absorption
and relatively short carrier lifetime. By applying TES to investigate the 2D materials
their interfaces and heterostructures
rich information about the interplay among photons
charges
phonons and spins can be unfolded
which provides fundamental understanding for future applications. Thus it is timely to review the nonlinear processes underlying THz emission in 2D materials including optical rectification
photon-drag
high-order harmonic generation and spin-to-charge conversion
showcasing the rich diversity of the TES employed to unravel the complex nature of these materials. Typical applications based on THz emissions
such as THz lasers
ultrafast imaging and biosensors
are also discussed. Step further
we analyzed the unique advantages of spintronic terahertz emitters and the future technological advancements in the development of new THz generation mechanisms leading to advanced THz sources characterized by wide bandwidth
high power and integration
suitable for industrial and commercial applications. The continuous advancement and integration of TES with the study of 2D materials and heterostructures promise to revolutionize research in different areas
including basic materials physics
novel optoelectronic devices
and chips for post-Moore's era.
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