Enhanced sensitivity via non-Hermitian topology

Midya Parto; Christian Leefmans; James Williams; Robert M. Gray; Alireza Marandi

doi:10.1038/s41377-024-01667-z

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Enhanced sensitivity via non-Hermitian topology

Original Articles

- Enhanced sensitivity via non-Hermitian topology
- Light: Science & Applications Vol. 14, Issue 1, Pages: 86-92(2025)
- Affiliations：
  
  1.Department of Electrical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
  2.Physics and Informatics Laboratories, NTT Research, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA 94085, USA
  3.CREOL, The College of Optics and Photonics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
  4.Department of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Author bio：
  
  Alireza Marandi (marandi@caltech.edu)
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1038/s41377-024-01667-z
  CLC：
- Published：31 January 2025，
  
  Published Online：01 January 2025，
  
  Received：31 March 2024，
  
  Revised：12 October 2024，
  
  Accepted：2024-10-23
- Accepted：
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Parto, M. et al. Enhanced sensitivity via non-Hermitian topology. Light: Science & Applications, 14, 86-92 (2025).
DOI：

Parto, M. et al. Enhanced sensitivity via non-Hermitian topology. Light: Science & Applications, 14, 86-92 (2025). DOI： 10.1038/s41377-024-01667-z.

摘要

Abstract

Sensors are indispensable tools of modern life that are ubiquitously used in diverse settings ranging from smartphones and autonomous vehicles to the healthcare industry and space technology. By interfacing multiple sensors that collectively interact with the signal to be measured

one can go beyond the signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) attainable by the individual constituting elements. Such techniques have also been implemented in the quantum regime

where a linear increase in the SNR has been achieved via using entangled states. Along similar lines

coupled non-Hermitian systems have provided yet additional degrees of freedom to obtain better sensors via higher-order exceptional points. Quite recently

a new class of non-Hermitian systems

known as non-Hermitian topological sensors (NTOS) has been theoretically proposed. Remarkably

the synergistic interplay between non-Hermiticity and topology is expected to bestow such sensors with an enhanced sensitivity that grows exponentially with the size of the sensor network. Here

we experimentally demonstrate NTOS using a network of photonic time-multiplexed resonators in the synthetic dimension represented by optical pulses. By judiciously programming the delay lines in such a network

we realize the archetypal Hatano-Nelson model for our non-Hermitian topological sensing scheme. Our experimentally measured sensitivities for different lattice sizes confirm the characteristic exponential enhancement of NTOS. We show that this peculiar response arises due to the combined synergy between non-Hermiticity and topology

something that is absent in Hermitian topological lattices. Our demonstration of NTOS paves the way for realizing sensors with unprecedented sensitivities.

关键词

Keywords

references

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