Dynamic motion trajectory control with nanoradian accuracy for multi-element X-ray optical systems via laser interferometry

Sina M. Koehlenbeck; Lance Lee; Mario D. Balcazar; Ying Chen; Vincent Esposito; Jerry Hastings; Matthias C. Hoffmann; Zhirong Huang; May-Ling Ng; Saxon Price; Takahiro Sato; Matthew Seaberg; Yanwen Sun; Adam White; Lin Zhang; Brian Lantz; Diling Zhu

doi:10.1038/s41377-025-01774-5

Your Location：

Home >

Browse articles >

Dynamic motion trajectory control with nanoradian accuracy for multi-element X-ray optical systems via laser interferometry

Original Articles

- Dynamic motion trajectory control with nanoradian accuracy for multi-element X-ray optical systems via laser interferometry
- Light: Science & Applications Vol. 14, Issue 5, Pages: 1312-1323(2025)
- Affiliations：
  
  1.Edward L. Ginzton Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
  2.Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, CA 94309, USA
  3.Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Author bio：
  
  Sina M. Koehlenbeck (sina.koehlenbeck@stanford.edu)
  Diling Zhu (dlzhu@slac.stanford.edu)
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1038/s41377-025-01774-5
  CLC：
- Received：01 August 2024，
  
  Revised：24 January 2025，
  
  Accepted：31 January 2025，
  
  Published Online：20 March 2025，
  
  Published：31 May 2025
- Accepted：
Scan QR Code
Koehlenbeck, S. M. et al. Dynamic motion trajectory control with nanoradian accuracy for multi-element X-ray optical systems via laser interferometry. Light: Science & Applications, 14, 1312-1323 (2025).
DOI：

Koehlenbeck, S. M. et al. Dynamic motion trajectory control with nanoradian accuracy for multi-element X-ray optical systems via laser interferometry. Light: Science & Applications, 14, 1312-1323 (2025). DOI： 10.1038/s41377-025-01774-5.

摘要

Abstract

The past decades have witnessed the development of new X-ray beam sources with brightness growing at a rate surpassing Moore's law. Current and upcoming diffraction limited and fully coherent X-ray beam sources

including multi-bend achromat based synchrotron sources and high repetition rate X-ray free electron lasers

puts increasingly stringent requirements on stability and accuracy of X-ray optics systems. Parasitic motion errors at sub-micro radian scale in beam transport and beam conditioning optics can lead to significant loss of coherence and brightness delivered from source to experiment. To address this challenge

we incorporated optical metrology based on interferometric length and angle sensing and real-time correction as part of the X-ray optics motion control system. A prototype X-ray optics system was constructed following the optical layout of a tunable X-ray cavity. On-line interferometric metrology enabled dynamical feedback to a motion control system to track and compensate for motion errors. The system achieved sub-microradian scale performance

as multiple optical elements are synchronously and continuously adjusted. This first proof of principle measurement demonstrated both the potential and necessity of incorporating optical metrology as part of the motion control architecture for large scale X-ray optical systems such as monochromators

delay lines

and in particular

X-ray cavity systems to enable the next generation cavity-based X-ray free electron lasers.

关键词

Keywords

references

Holler, M. et al. LamNI—an instrument for X-ray scanning microscopy in laminography geometry. J. Synchrotron Radiat. 27 , 730–736 (2020)..

Yumoto, H. et al. Nanofocusing optics for an X-ray free-electron laser generating an extreme intensity of 100 EW/cm 2 using total reflection mirrors. Appl. Sci. 10 , 2611 (2020)..

Tamasaku, K. et al. X-ray two-photon absorption competing against single and sequential multiphoton processes. Nat. Photonics 8 , 313–316 (2014)..

Yoneda, H. et al. Atomic inner-shell laser at 1. 5-ångström wavelength pumped by an X-ray free-electron laser. Nature 524 , 446–449 (2015)..

Mills, D., Padmore, H. & Lessner, E. X-ray Optics for BES Light Source Facilities . (Brookhaven National Lab, 2013).

Bostedt, C. et al. Linac coherent light source: the first five years. Rev. Mod. Phys. 88 , 015007 (2016)..

Decking, W. et al. A MHz-repetition-rate hard X-ray free-electron laser driven by a superconducting linear accelerator. Nat. Photonics 14 , 650–650 (2020)..

Fornek, T. Advanced Photon Source Upgrade Project Final Design Report . (Argonne National Lab, 2019).

Raubenheimer, T. O. The LCLS-Ⅱ-HE, a high energy upgrade of the LCLS-Ⅱ. Proceedings of the 60th ICFA Advanced Beam Dynamics Workshop on Future Light Sources . (JACoW, Shanghai, China, 2018) MOP1WA02.

Horbach, J. et al. Large offset monochromators at PETRA Ⅲ. Diam. Light Source Proc. 1 , e35 (2010)..

Zhu, D. L. et al. Performance of a beam-multiplexing diamond crystal monochromator at the Linac Coherent Light Source. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 85 , 063106 (2014)..

Huang, Z. R. & Ruth, R. D. Fully coherent X-ray pulses from a regenerative-amplifier free-electron laser. Phys. Rev. Lett. 96 , 144801 (2006)..

Kim, K. J., Shvyd'ko, Y. & Reiche, S. A proposal for an X-ray free-electron laser oscillator with an energy-recovery linac. Phys. Rev. Lett. 100 , 244802 (2008)..

Marcus, G. et al. Regenerative amplification for a hard X-ray free-electron laser. Proceedings of the 39th Free Electron Laser Conference . (JACoW, Hamburg, Germany, 2019) TUP032.

Tang, J. Y. et al. Active Q-switched X-ray regenerative amplifier free-electron laser. Phys. Rev. Lett. 131 , 055001 (2023)..

Margraf, R. et al. Low-loss stable storage of 1.2 Å X-ray pulses in a 14 m Bragg cavity. Nat. Photonics 17 , 878–882 (2023)..

Rauer, P. et al. Cavity based X-ray free electron laser demonstrator at the European X-ray Free Electron Laser facility. Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams 26 , 020701 (2023)..

Marcus, G. et al. Cavity-based free-electron laser research and development: a joint argonne national laboratory and SLAC national laboratory collaboration. Proceedings of the 39th Free Electron Laser Conference . (JACoW, Hamburg, Germany, 2019) TUD04.

Kim, K. J. & Shvyd'ko, Y. V. Tunable optical cavity for an x-ray free-electron-laser oscillator. Phys. Rev. Spec. Top. 12 , 030703 (2009)..

Shiltsev, V. Review of observations of ground diffusion in space and in time and fractal model of ground motion. Phys. Rev. Spec. Top. 13 , 094801 (2010)..

Bailes, M. et al. Gravitational-wave physics and astronomy in the 2020 s and 2030 s. Nat. Rev. Phys. 3 , 344–366 (2021)..

Audley, H. et al. The LISA Pathfinder interferometry—hardware and system testing. Class. Quantum Gravity 28 , 094003 (2011)..

Armano, M. et al. Sensor noise in LISA Pathfinder: in-flight performance of the optical test mass readout. Phys. Rev. Lett. 126 , 131103 (2021)..

Snigirev, A. et al. A compound refractive lens for focusing high-energy X-rays. Nature 384 , 49–51 (1996)..

Koehlenbeck, S. M. et al. A study on motion reduction for suspended platforms used in gravitational wave detectors. Sci. Rep. 13 , 2388 (2023)..

Bork, R. et al. Advligorts: the advanced LIGO real-time digital control and data acquisition system. SoftwareX 13 , 100619 (2021)..

Aasi, J. et al. Advanced LIGO. Class. Quantum Gravity 32 , 074001 (2015)..

Hechenblaikner, G. Measurement of the absolute wavefront curvature radius in a heterodyne interferometer. J. Optical Soc. Am. A 27 , 2078–2083 (2010)..

Chollet, M. et al. The X-ray pump–probe instrument at the linac coherent light source. J. Synchrotron Radiat. 22 , 503–507 (2015)..

Hou, W. M. & Wilkening, G. Investigation and compensation of the nonlinearity of heterodyne interferometers. Precis. Eng. 14 , 91–98 (1992)..

Wissel, L. et al. Relative-intensity-noise coupling in heterodyne interferometers. Phys. Rev. Appl. 17 , 024025 (2022)..

Qi, P. & Shvyd'ko, Y. Signatures of misalignment in x-ray cavities of cavity-based x-ray free-electron lasers. Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams 25 , 050701 (2022)..

Wand, V. et al. LISA phasemeter development. AIP Conf. Proc. 873 , 689–696 (2006)..

Hechenblaikner, G. et al. Coupling characterization and noise studies of the optical metrology system onboard the LISA Pathfinder mission. Appl. Opt. 49 , 5665–5677 (2010)..

Views

Downloads

CSCD

Alert me when the article has been cited

Submit

Tools

Publicity Resources

No data

Related Author

No data

Related Institution

No data

⁰