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1.National Demonstrative School of Microelectronics & Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics & Engineering Research Center for Functional Ceramics of the Ministry of Education, School of Integrated Circuits, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
2.School of Information Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
3.College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
Wen Dong (albert_d_w@hotmail.com)
Received:07 November 2024,
Revised:14 February 2025,
Accepted:26 March 2025,
Published Online:12 May 2025,
Published:31 July 2025
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Wang, H. et al. Advancing inorganic electro-optical materials for 5 G communications: from fundamental mechanisms to future perspectives. Light: Science & Applications, 14, 1798-1832 (2025).
Wang, H. et al. Advancing inorganic electro-optical materials for 5 G communications: from fundamental mechanisms to future perspectives. Light: Science & Applications, 14, 1798-1832 (2025). DOI: 10.1038/s41377-025-01851-9.
In the 5 G era
the demand for high-ca
pacity and fast fiber-optic communication underscores the importance of inorganic optical materials with high electro-optical (EO) coefficients
rapid responses
and stability for efficient electro-optical modulators. The exploration of novel EO materials and their applications remains in the early stages. At present
research mainly focuses on the performance of EO materials and devices. However
the EO coefficients of different preparation methods for the same material and different materials vary significantly. Currently
a crucial gap lies in understanding the link between the EO effect and ferroelectric polarization
hindering advancements in ferroelectric material optimization. This article offers a comprehensive insight into the EO effect
initially discussing ferroelectric polarization and its relationship to the phenomenon. It then reviews standard inorganic ABO
3
metal oxide ferroelectric ceramics and thin films
followed by an examination of emerging ferroelectrics such as HfO
2
-based polymorph ferroelectrics and ZnO/AlN-based materials. The article concludes by addressing the challenges in investigating ferroelectric EO mechanisms and provides an outlook on the future of EO material research
including a review of the latest developments in EO effect mechanisms and their optimization for light modulation
as well as an exploration of potential areas for high-performance EO materials research.
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