Fano interference of photon pairs from a metasurface

Jiho Noh; Tomás Santiago-Cruz; Chloe F. Doiron; Hyunseung Jung; Jaeyeon Yu; Sadhvikas J. Addamane; Maria V. Chekhova; Igal Brener

doi:10.1038/s41377-025-01998-5

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Fano interference of photon pairs from a metasurface

Original Articles

- Fano interference of photon pairs from a metasurface
- Light: Science & Applications Vol. 14, Issue 12, Pages: 3961-3968(2025)
- Affiliations：
  
  1.Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA
  2.Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA
  3.Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
  4.Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Author bio：
  
  Igal Brener (ibrener@sandia.gov)
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1038/s41377-025-01998-5
  CLC：
- Received：06 March 2025，
  
  Revised：2025-07-11，
  
  Accepted：31 July 2025，
  
  Published Online：17 October 2025，
  
  Published：31 December 2025
- Accepted：
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Noh, J. et al. Fano interference of photon pairs from a metasurface. Light: Science & Applications, 14, 3961-3968 (2025).
DOI：

Noh, J. et al. Fano interference of photon pairs from a metasurface. Light: Science & Applications, 14, 3961-3968 (2025). DOI： 10.1038/s41377-025-01998-5.

摘要

Abstract

Two-photon interference

a quantum phenomenon arising from the principle of indistinguishability

is a powerful tool for quantum state engineering and plays a fundamental role in various quantum technologies. These technologies demand robust and efficient sources of quantum light

as well as scalable

integrable

and multifunctional platforms. In this regard

quantum optical metasurfaces

(QOMs) are emerging as promising platforms for the generation and engineering of quantum light

in particular pairs of entangled photons (biphotons) via spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC). Due to the relaxation of the phase-matching condition

SPDC in QOMs allows different channels of biphoton generation

such as those supported by overlapping resonances

to occur simultaneously. In previously reported QOMs

however

SPDC was too weak to observe such effects. Here

we develop QOMs based on [110

]

-oriented GaAs that provide an order-of-magnitude enhancement in SPDC rate

after accounting for the spectral bandwidth

compared to any other QOMs studied to date. This boosted efficiency allows the QOMs to support the simultaneous generation of SPDC from several spectrally overlapping optical modes. Using a linear polarizer

we intentionally erase the distinguishability between the biphotons from a high-

quasi-bound-state-in-the-continuum resonance and a low-

Mie resonance

which results in the first-time observation of two-photon interference

shown in the form of a Fano contour

in the spectrum of biphotons. This quantum interference can enrich the generation of entangled photons in metasurfaces. Their advanced multifunctionality

improved nonlinear response

ease of fabrication

and compact footprint of [110

]

-GaAs QOMs position them as promising platforms to fulfill the requirements of photonic quantum technologies.

关键词

Keywords

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