Multifunctional movable-type coding metasurface enabling reconfigurable diffractive neural networks

Zhicai Yu; Xinyu Li; Ze Gu; Long Chen; Jianlin Su; Zixuan Cai; Xinyi Yu; Shilong Qin; Lei Zhang; Qian Ma; Jian Wei You; Tie Jun Cui

doi:10.1038/s41377-026-02216-6

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Multifunctional movable-type coding metasurface enabling reconfigurable diffractive neural networks

Original Articles

- Multifunctional movable-type coding metasurface enabling reconfigurable diffractive neural networks
- Light: Science & Applications Vol. 15, Issue 4, Pages: 1389-1400(2026)
- Affiliations：
  
  1.State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Wave, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
  2.School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Author bio：
  
  Qian Ma (maqian@seu.edu.cn)
  Jian Wei You (jvyou@seu.edu.cn)
  Tie Jun Cui (tjcui@seu.edu.cn)
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1038/s41377-026-02216-6
  CLC：
- Received：13 July 2025，
  
  Revised：2026-01-05，
  
  Accepted：27 January 2026，
  
  Online First：26 February 2026，
  
  Published：30 April 2026
- Accepted：
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Yu, Z. C. et al. Multifunctional movable-type coding metasurface enabling reconfigurable diffractive neural networks. Light: Science & Applications, 15, 1389-1400 (2026).
DOI：

Yu, Z. C. et al. Multifunctional movable-type coding metasurface enabling reconfigurable diffractive neural networks. Light: Science & Applications, 15, 1389-1400 (2026). DOI： 10.1038/s41377-026-02216-6.

摘要

Abstract

Optical computing holds significant promise across diverse applications due to its low latency

power efficiency

and multidimensional processing capabilities. However

current diffraction neural networks (DNNs) generally lack reconfigurability

limiting the scalability of the optical computing systems. Inspired by movable-type printing technology

here we propose a movable-type coding metasurface to enable multiple functionalities such as electromagnetic (EM) computing

holography

and sensing. By cascading multiple layers of the proposed metasurfaces

we further develop a movable-type reconfigurable DNN (MT-RDNN). It can be seamlessly adapted from handwritten digit to letter classification tasks by replacing the meta-atoms in the last hidden metasurface layer. Moreover

a single-layer movable-type coding metasurface can be reconfigured to perform EM holography and multi-person vital sign sensing through modular meta-atom rearrangement. Featuring simple reconfiguration

high flexibility

and modular scalability

the proposed movable-type coding metasurface enables versatile and reusable EM computing

holography

and sensing applications.

关键词

Keywords

references

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