Coding metamaterials, digital metamaterials and programmable metamaterials

Tie Jun Cui; Mei Qing Qi; Xiang Wan; Jie Zhao; Qiang Cheng

doi:10.1038/lsa.2014.99

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Coding metamaterials, digital metamaterials and programmable metamaterials

Original Articles

- Coding metamaterials, digital metamaterials and programmable metamaterials
- Coding metamaterials, digital metamaterials and programmable metamaterials
- LSA 2014年3卷第4期
- Affiliations：
  
  1.State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
  2.Cooperative Innovation Centre of Terahertz Science, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu 611731, China
- Author bio：
  
  Professor TJ Cui, State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China Email: tjcui@seu.edu.cn
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1038/lsa.2014.99
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版日期：2014-12，
  
  网络出版日期：2014-10-24，
  
  收稿日期：2014-08-12，
  
  修回日期：2014-09-05，
  
  录用日期：2014-09-09
- Accepted：
Scan QR Code
Coding metamaterials, digital metamaterials and programmable metamaterials[J]. LSA, 2014,3(4).

Cui, T. J. et al. Coding metamaterials, digital metamaterials and programmable metamaterials. Light: Science & Applications, 3, e218 (2014).
Coding metamaterials, digital metamaterials and programmable metamaterials[J]. LSA, 2014,3(4). DOI： 10.1038/lsa.2014.99.

Cui, T. J. et al. Coding metamaterials, digital metamaterials and programmable metamaterials. Light: Science & Applications, 3, e218 (2014). DOI： 10.1038/lsa.2014.99.

摘要

Abstract

Metamaterials are artificial structures that are usually described by effective medium parameters on the macroscopic scale

and these metamaterials are referred to as 'analog metamaterials'. Here

we propose 'digital metamaterials' through two steps. First

we present 'coding metamaterials' that are composed of only two types of unit cells

with 0 and

phase responses

which we name '0' and '1' elements

respectively. By coding '0' and '1' elements with controlled sequences (i.e.

1-bit coding)

we can manipulate electromagnetic (EM) waves and realize different functionalities. The concept of coding metamaterials can be extended from 1-bit coding to 2-bit coding or higher. In 2-bit coding

four types of unit cells

with phase responses of 0

and 3

are required to mimic the '00'

'01'

'10' and '11' elements

respectively. The 2-bit coding has greater freedom than 1-bit coding for controlling EM waves. Second

we propose a unique metamaterial particle that has either a '0' or '1' response controlled by a biased diode. Based on this particle

we present 'digital metamaterials' with unit cells that possess either a '0' or '1' state. Using a field-programmable gate array

we realize digital control over the digital metamaterial. By programming different coding sequences

a single digital metamaterial has the ability to manipulate EM waves in different manners

thereby realizing 'programmable metamaterials'. The above concepts and physical phenomena are c

onfirmed through numerical simulations and experiments using metasurfaces.

关键词

Keywords

codingdigitalmetamaterialmetasurfaceprogrammable

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