Highly efficient and aberration-free off-plane grating spectrometer and monochromator for EUV—soft X-ray applications

Jie Li; Kui Li; Xiaoshi Zhang; Dimitar Popmintchev; Hao Xu; Yutong Wang; Ruixuan Li; Guangyin Zhang; Jiyue Tang; Jin Niu; Yongjun Ma; Runyu Meng; Changjun Ke; Jisi Qiu; Yunfeng Ma; Tenio Popmintchev; Zhongwei Fan

doi:10.1038/s41377-023-01342-9

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Highly efficient and aberration-free off-plane grating spectrometer and monochromator for EUV—soft X-ray applications

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- Highly efficient and aberration-free off-plane grating spectrometer and monochromator for EUV—soft X-ray applications
- Highly efficient and aberration-free off-plane grating spectrometer and monochromator for EUV—soft X-ray applications
- LSA 2024年13卷第1期页码：68-79
- Affiliations：
- Author bio：
  
  alijie430@aircas.ac.cn
  czhangxiaoshi@itc.ynu.edu.cn
  ddimitar.popmintchev@gmail.com
  stenio.popmintchev@physics.ucsd.edu
  tfanzhongwei@ucas.ac.cn
- Funds：
  
  European research council XSTREAM-716950
- DOI：10.1038/s41377-023-01342-9
  中图分类号：
- 收稿日期：2023-05-27，
  
  修回日期：2023-11-11，
  
  录用日期：2023-11-20，
  
  网络出版日期：2024-01-08，
  
  纸质出版日期：2024-12
- Accepted：
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Highly efficient and aberration-free off-plane grating spectrometer and monochromator for EUV—soft X-ray applications[J]. LSA, 2024,13(1):68-79.

Jie Li, Kui Li, Xiaoshi Zhang, et al. Highly efficient and aberration-free off-plane grating spectrometer and monochromator for EUV—soft X-ray applications[J]. Light: science & applications, 2024, 13(1): 68-79.
Highly efficient and aberration-free off-plane grating spectrometer and monochromator for EUV—soft X-ray applications[J]. LSA, 2024,13(1):68-79. DOI： 10.1038/s41377-023-01342-9.

Jie Li, Kui Li, Xiaoshi Zhang, et al. Highly efficient and aberration-free off-plane grating spectrometer and monochromator for EUV—soft X-ray applications[J]. Light: science & applications, 2024, 13(1): 68-79. DOI： 10.1038/s41377-023-01342-9.

摘要

Abstract

We demonstrate a novel flat-field

dual-optic imaging EUV—soft X-ray spectrometer and monochromator that attains an unprecedented throughput efficiency exceeding 60% by design

along with a superb spectral resolution

/Δ

200 accomplished without employing variable line spacing gratings. Exploiting the benefits of the conical diffraction geometry

the optical system is globally optimized in multidimensional parameter space to guarantee optimal imaging performance over a broad spectral range while maintaining circular and elliptical polarization states at the first

second

and third diffraction orders. Moreover

our analysis indicates minimal temporal dispersion

with pulse broadening confined within 80 fs tail-to-tail and an FWHM value of 29 fs

which enables ultrafast spectroscopic and pump-probe studies with femtosecond accuracy. Furthermore

the spectrometer can be effortlessly transformed into a monochromator spanning the EUV—soft X-ray spectral region using a single grating with an aberration-free spatial profile. Such capability allows coherent diffractive imaging applications to be conducted with highly monochromatic light in a broad spectral range and extended to the soft X-ray region with minimal photon loss

thus facilitating state-of-the-art imaging of intricate nano- and bio-systems

with a significantly enhanced spatiotemporal resolution

down to the nanometer–femtosecond level.

关键词

Keywords

references

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