Low-loss and polarization insensitive 32 × 4 optical switch for ROADM applications

Xiaotian Zhu; Xiang Wang; Yanlu Huang; Liyan Wu; Chunfei Zhao; Mingzhu Xiao; Luyi Wang; Roy Davidson; Yanni Ou; Brent E. Little; Sai T. Chu

doi:10.1038/s41377-024-01456-8

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Low-loss and polarization insensitive 32 × 4 optical switch for ROADM applications

Original Articles

- Low-loss and polarization insensitive 32 × 4 optical switch for ROADM applications
- Low-loss and polarization insensitive 32 × 4 optical switch for ROADM applications
- Light: Science & Applications 2024年13卷第5期页码：875-884
- Affiliations：
  
  1.Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong, China
  2.QXP Technologies Inc., NO. 15th Shanglinyuan 1st Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China
  3.State Key Laboratory of Information of Photonics and Optical Communications, School of Electronic Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China
- Author bio：
  
  Sai T. Chu (saitchu@cityu.edu.hk)
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1038/s41377-024-01456-8
  中图分类号：
- 收稿：2023-12-30，
  
  修回：2024-04-09，
  
  录用：2024-04-12，
  
  网络出版：2024-04-24，
  
  纸质出版：2024-05-31
- Accepted：
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Xiaotian Zhu, Xiang Wang, Yanlu Huang, 等. Low-loss and polarization insensitive 32 × 4 optical switch for ROADM applications[J]. Light: Science & Applications, 2024,13(5):875-884.

Zhu, X. T. et al. Low-loss and polarization insensitive 32 × 4 optical switch for ROADM applications. Light: Science & Applications, 13, 875-884 (2024).
Xiaotian Zhu, Xiang Wang, Yanlu Huang, 等. Low-loss and polarization insensitive 32 × 4 optical switch for ROADM applications[J]. Light: Science & Applications, 2024,13(5):875-884. DOI： 10.1038/s41377-024-01456-8.

Zhu, X. T. et al. Low-loss and polarization insensitive 32 × 4 optical switch for ROADM applications. Light: Science & Applications, 13, 875-884 (2024). DOI： 10.1038/s41377-024-01456-8.

摘要

Abstract

Integrated switches play a crucial role in the development of reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexers (ROADMs) that have greater flexibility and compactness

ultimately leading to robust single-chip solutions. Despite decades of research on switches with various structures and platforms

achieving a balance between dense integration

low insertion loss (IL)

and polarization-dependent loss (PDL) remains a significant challenge. In this paper

we propose and demonstrate a 32 × 4 optical switch using high-index doped silica glass (HDSG) for ROADM applications. This switch is designed to route any of the 32 inputs to the express ports or drop any channels from 32 inputs to the target 4 drop ports or add any of the 4 ports to any of the 32 express channels. The switch comprises 188 Mach-Zehnder Interferometer (MZI) type switch elements

88 optical vias for the 44 optical bridges

and 618 waveguide-waveguide crossings with three-dimensional (3D) structures. At 1550 nm

the fiber-to-fiber loss for each express channel is below 2 dB

and across the C and L bands

below 3 dB. For each input channel to all 4 drop/add channels at 1550 nm

the loss is less than 3.5 dB and less than 5 dB across the C and L bands. The PDLs for all express and input channels to the 4 drop/add channels are below 0.3 dB over the C band

and the crosstalk is under −50 dB for both the C and L bands.

关键词

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references

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