Universal conservation laws of the wave-particle-entanglement triad: theory and experiment

Ziheng Ding; Yaohao Deng; Shao-Ming Fei; Si-Qi Zhou; Xiaojiong Chen; Ziwen Rui; Zhihao Ma; Yunlong Xiao; Jianwei Wang

doi:10.1038/s41377-025-01759-4

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Universal conservation laws of the wave-particle-entanglement triad: theory and experiment

Original Articles

- Universal conservation laws of the wave-particle-entanglement triad: theory and experiment
- Universal conservation laws of the wave-particle-entanglement triad: theory and experiment
- LSA 2025年14卷第3期页码：861-868
- Affiliations：
  
  1.School of Mathematical Sciences, MOE-LSC, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
  2.State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
  3.Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing 100871, China
  4.School of Mathematical Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
  5.Max Planck Institute for Mathematics in the Sciences, Leipzig 04103, Germany
  6.Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, New York, NY 11794-3800, USA
  7.Shanghai Seres Information Technology Co., Ltd, Shanghai 200040, China
  8.Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
  9.A*STAR Quantum Innovation Centre (Q.InC), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis \#08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
  10.Institute of High Performance Computing (IHPC), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, Connexis \#16-16, Singapore 138632, Republic of Singapor
- Author bio：
  
  Zhihao Ma (mazhihao@sjtu.edu.cn)
  Yunlong Xiao (xiao_yunlong@ihpc.a-star.edu.sg)
  Jianwei Wang (jianwei.wang@pku.edu.cn)
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1038/s41377-025-01759-4
  中图分类号：
- 收稿日期：2024-08-23，
  
  修回日期：2025-01-01，
  
  录用日期：2025-01-14，
  
  网络出版日期：2025-02-12，
  
  纸质出版日期：2025-03-31
- Accepted：
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Universal conservation laws of the wave-particle-entanglement triad: theory and experiment[J]. LSA, 2025,14(3):861-868.

Ding, Z. H. et al. Universal conservation laws of the wave-particle-entanglement triad: theory and experiment. Light: Science & Applications, 14, 861-868 (2025).
Universal conservation laws of the wave-particle-entanglement triad: theory and experiment[J]. LSA, 2025,14(3):861-868. DOI： 10.1038/s41377-025-01759-4.

Ding, Z. H. et al. Universal conservation laws of the wave-particle-entanglement triad: theory and experiment. Light: Science & Applications, 14, 861-868 (2025). DOI： 10.1038/s41377-025-01759-4.

摘要

Abstract

When observed

a quantum system exhibits either wave-like or particle-like properties

depending on how it is measured. However

this duality is affected by the entanglement of the system with its quantum memory

raising a fundamental question: how are wave–particle duality and entanglement related? Here

we broaden the scope of wave–particle duality to include entanglement

introduce universal conservation laws for the wave–particle–entanglement triad

and perform demonstrations on silicon–integrated nanophotonic quantum chips. Our experiments not only mark the first confirmation of universal conservation laws but also highlight the potential of integrated photonics for exploring complex quantum phenomena in high-dimensional systems.

关键词

Keywords

references

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