Quantum entanglement network enabled by a state-multiplexing quantum light source

Yun-Ru Fan; Yue Luo; Kai Guo; Jin-Peng Wu; Hong Zeng; Guang-Wei Deng; You Wang; Hai-Zhi Song; Zhen Wang; Li-Xing You; Guang-Can Guo; Qiang Zhou

doi:10.1038/s41377-025-01805-1

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Quantum entanglement network enabled by a state-multiplexing quantum light source

Original Articles

- Quantum entanglement network enabled by a state-multiplexing quantum light source
- Quantum entanglement network enabled by a state-multiplexing quantum light source
- LSA 2025年14卷第7期页码：1934-1941
- Affiliations：
  
  1.Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
  2.Center for Quantum Internet, Tianfu Jiangxi Laboratory, Chengdu 641419, China
  3.Key Laboratory of Quantum Physics and Photonic Quantum Information, Ministry of Education, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
  4.Institute of Systems Engineering, AMS, Beijing 100141, China
  5.Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
  6.Southwest Institute of Technical Physics, Chengdu 610041, China
  7.National Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuits, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
  8.CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Author bio：
  
  Kai Guo (guokai07203@hotmail.com)
  Qiang Zhou (zhouqiang@uestc.edu.cn)
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1038/s41377-025-01805-1
  中图分类号：
- 收稿日期：2024-11-17，
  
  修回日期：2025-02-18，
  
  录用日期：2025-03-03，
  
  网络出版日期：2025-05-12，
  
  纸质出版日期：2025-07-31
- Accepted：
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Quantum entanglement network enabled by a state-multiplexing quantum light source[J]. LSA, 2025,14(7):1934-1941.

Fan, Y. R. et al. Quantum entanglement network enabled by a state-multiplexing quantum light source. Light: Science & Applications, 14, 1934-1941 (2025).
Quantum entanglement network enabled by a state-multiplexing quantum light source[J]. LSA, 2025,14(7):1934-1941. DOI： 10.1038/s41377-025-01805-1.

Fan, Y. R. et al. Quantum entanglement network enabled by a state-multiplexing quantum light source. Light: Science & Applications, 14, 1934-1941 (2025). DOI： 10.1038/s41377-025-01805-1.

摘要

Abstract

A fully connected quantum network with a wavelength division multiplexing architecture plays an increasingly pivotal role in quantum information technology. With such architecture

an entanglement-based network has been demonstrated in which an entangled photon-pair source distributes quantum entanglement resources to many users. Despite these remarkable advances

the scalability of the architecture could be constrained by the finite spectrum resource

where

$$ {\mathscr{O}}\left({N}^{2}\right) $$

wavelength channels are needed to connect

users

thus impeding further progress in real-world scenarios. Here

we propose a scheme for the wavelength division multiplexing entanglement-based network using a state-multiplexing quantum light source. With a dual-pump configuration

the feasibility of our approach is demonstrated by generating state-multiplexing photon pairs at multiple wavelength channels with a silicon nitride microring resonator chip. In our demonstration

we establish a fully connected graph between four users with six wavelength channels—saving half of which without sacrificing functionality and performance of the secure communication. A total asymptotic secure key rate of 1946.9 bps is obtained by performing the BBM92 protocol with the distributed state. The network topology of our method has great potential for developing a scalable quantum network with significantly minimized infrastructure requirements.

关键词

Keywords

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