Physical twinning for joint encoding-decoding optimization in computational optics: a review

Liheng Bian; Xinrui Zhan; Rong Yan; Xuyang Chang; Hua Huang; Jun Zhang

doi:10.1038/s41377-025-01810-4

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Physical twinning for joint encoding-decoding optimization in computational optics: a review

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- Physical twinning for joint encoding-decoding optimization in computational optics: a review
- Physical twinning for joint encoding-decoding optimization in computational optics: a review
- LSA 2025年14卷第6期页码：1484-1503
- Affiliations：
  
  1.State Key Laboratory of CNS/ATM & MIIT Key Laboratory of Complex-field Intelligent Sensing, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing & Zhuhai, China
  2.Yangtze Delta Region Academy of Beijing Institute of Technology (Jiaxing), Jiaxing, China
  3.School of Artificial Intelligence, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Author bio：
  
  Liheng Bian (bian@bit.edu.cn)
  Hua Huang (huahuang@bnu.edu.cn)
  Jun Zhang (zhjun@bit.edu.cn)
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1038/s41377-025-01810-4
  中图分类号：
- 收稿日期：2024-04-03，
  
  修回日期：2025-01-13，
  
  录用日期：2025-03-04，
  
  网络出版日期：2025-04-15，
  
  纸质出版日期：2025-06-30
- Accepted：
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Physical twinning for joint encoding-decoding optimization in computational optics: a review[J]. LSA, 2025,14(6):1484-1503.

Bian, L. H. et al. Physical twinning for joint encoding-decoding optimization in computational optics: a review. Light: Science & Applications, 14, 1484-1503 (2025).
Physical twinning for joint encoding-decoding optimization in computational optics: a review[J]. LSA, 2025,14(6):1484-1503. DOI： 10.1038/s41377-025-01810-4.

Bian, L. H. et al. Physical twinning for joint encoding-decoding optimization in computational optics: a review. Light: Science & Applications, 14, 1484-1503 (2025). DOI： 10.1038/s41377-025-01810-4.

摘要

Abstract

Computational optics introduces computation into optics and consequently helps overcome traditional optical limitations such as low sensing dimension

low light throughput

low resolution

and so on. The combination of optical encoding and computational decoding offers enhanced imaging and sensing capabilities with diverse applications in biomedicine

astronomy

agriculture

etc. With the great advance of artificial intelligence in the last decade

deep learning has further boosted computational optics with higher precision and efficiency. Recently

there developed an end-to-end joint optimization technique that digitally twins optical encoding to neural network layers

and then facilitates simultaneous optimization with the decoding process. This framework offers effective performance enhancement over conventional techniques. However

the reverse physical twinning from optimized encoding parameters to practical modulation elements faces a serious challenge

due to the discrepant gap in such as bit depth

numerical range

and stability. In this regard

this review explores various optical modulation elements across spatial

phase

and spectral dimensions in the digital twin model for joint encoding-decoding optimization. Our analysis offers constructive guidance for finding the most appropriate modulation element in diverse imaging and sensing tasks concerning various requirements of precision

speed

and robustness. The review may help tackle the above twinning challenge and pave the way for next-generation computational optics.

关键词

Keywords

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