Self-normal and biorthogonal dynamical quantum phase transitions in non-Hermitian quantum walks

Haiting Zhang; Kunkun Wang; Lei Xiao; Peng Xue

doi:10.1038/s41377-025-01919-6

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Self-normal and biorthogonal dynamical quantum phase transitions in non-Hermitian quantum walks

Original Articles

- Self-normal and biorthogonal dynamical quantum phase transitions in non-Hermitian quantum walks
- Self-normal and biorthogonal dynamical quantum phase transitions in non-Hermitian quantum walks
- LSA 2025年14卷第9期页码：2674-2684
- Affiliations：
  
  1.Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100193, China
  2.School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
  3.Key Laboratory of Quantum Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
- Author bio：
  
  Peng Xue (gnep.eux@gmail.com)
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1038/s41377-025-01919-6
  中图分类号：
- 收稿日期：2024-12-02，
  
  修回日期：2025-05-29，
  
  录用日期：2025-06-08，
  
  网络出版日期：2025-07-26，
  
  纸质出版日期：2025-09-30
- Accepted：
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Self-normal and biorthogonal dynamical quantum phase transitions in non-Hermitian quantum walks[J]. LSA, 2025,14(9):2674-2684.

Zhang, H. T. et al. Self-normal and biorthogonal dynamical quantum phase transitions in non-Hermitian quantum walks. Light: Science & Applications, 14, 2674-2684 (2025).
Self-normal and biorthogonal dynamical quantum phase transitions in non-Hermitian quantum walks[J]. LSA, 2025,14(9):2674-2684. DOI： 10.1038/s41377-025-01919-6.

Zhang, H. T. et al. Self-normal and biorthogonal dynamical quantum phase transitions in non-Hermitian quantum walks. Light: Science & Applications, 14, 2674-2684 (2025). DOI： 10.1038/s41377-025-01919-6.

摘要

Abstract

Dynamical quantum phase transitions (DQPTs)

characterized by non-analytic behavior in rate function and abrupt changes in dynamic topological order parameters (DTOPs) over time

have garnered enormous attention in recent decades. However

in non-Hermitian systems

the special biorthogonality of the bases makes the definition of DQPTs complex. In this work

we delve into the comprehensive investigation of self-normal DQPTs (originally used in Hermitian systems) to compare them with their biorthogonal counterpart

within the context of non-Hermitian quantum walks (QWs). We present a detailed analysis of the behaviors of Loschmidt rate functions and DTOPs under these two distinct theoretical approaches. While both self-normal and biorthogonal methods can be used to detect DQPTs in quench dynamics between different topological phases

we theoretically present their differences in the definition of critical momenta and critical times by analyzing the Fisher zeros and fixed points. Finally

we present an experiment that observes both types of DQPTs using one-dimensional discrete-time QWs with single photons.

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Keywords

references

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