Random optical parametric oscillator fibre sensor

Pedro Tovar; Jean Pierre von der Weid; Yuan Wang; Liang Chen; Xiaoyi Bao

doi:10.1038/s41377-025-02049-9

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Random optical parametric oscillator fibre sensor

Original Articles

- Random optical parametric oscillator fibre sensor
- Random optical parametric oscillator fibre sensor
- Light: Science & Applications 2026年15卷第2期页码：471-485
- Affiliations：
  
  1.Nexus for Quantum Technologies, University of Ottawa, Ottawa Rio de Janeiro, ON, Canada
  2.Department of Electrical Engineering, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Author bio：
  
  Pedro Tovar (ptovar@opto.cetuc.puc-rio.br)
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1038/s41377-025-02049-9
  中图分类号：
- 收稿：2025-02-15，
  
  修回：2025-08-24，
  
  录用：2025-09-15，
  
  网络首发：2026-01-04，
  
  纸质出版：2026-02-28
- Accepted：
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Pedro Tovar, Jean Pierre von der Weid, Yuan Wang, 等. Random optical parametric oscillator fibre sensor[J]. Light: Science & Applications, 2026,15(2):471-485.

Tovar, P. et al. Random optical parametric oscillator fibre sensor. Light: Science & Applications, 15, 471-485 (2026).
Pedro Tovar, Jean Pierre von der Weid, Yuan Wang, 等. Random optical parametric oscillator fibre sensor[J]. Light: Science & Applications, 2026,15(2):471-485. DOI： 10.1038/s41377-025-02049-9.

Tovar, P. et al. Random optical parametric oscillator fibre sensor. Light: Science & Applications, 15, 471-485 (2026). DOI： 10.1038/s41377-025-02049-9.

摘要

Abstract

Fibre laser-sensors have emerged as a promising solution for long-distance sensing

offering high SNR and fine spatial resolution. However

their adoption is constrained by fundamental limitations: they typically require a fixed mirror at the sensing location or access to both fibre ends for electronic selection of the sensing location. This work introduces a random optical parametric oscillator (R-OPO) fibre sensor that addresses these challenges. Similar to a laser-sensor but exploiting modulation instability and continuous weak reflections

the R-OPO sensor enables long-distance access (

25 km) sensing by arbitrarily addressing 1 m-long fibre sections over a long sensing range (

1 km). It supports both backward and forward sensing

but unlike most forward sensors

the sensing location information is readily available at both fibre ends. Most importantly

it eliminates the need for a fixed mirror at the sensing location

offering electronically tunable sensing locations. The proposed detection scheme enables straightforward quantitative measurement of dynamic perturbations

requiring only a single fast Fourier transform

thus enabling real-time monitoring. Temperature and strain noise-limited sensitivities of 10.7

$$ {\mu }^{o}C/\sqrt{Hz} $$

and 80.6

$$ p\varepsilon /\sqrt{Hz} $$

were obtained. Taking advantage of four-wave-mixing by-products inherent to R-OPOs

the sensitivity to external perturbations could be enhanced by a factor of two compared to conventional Rayleigh-based sensors. A simple frequency-unwrapping algorithm is proposed to extend the dynamic measurement range

and the continuous monitoring of a 2 ℃ temperature increase was accurately measured. This first demonstration of a R-OPO fibre sensor establishes the foundations for parametric fibre sensors.

关键词

Keywords

references

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