Electrically tunable strong coupling in a hybrid-2D excitonic metasurface for optical modulation

Tom Hoekstra; Jorik van de Groep

doi:10.1038/s41377-025-02079-3

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Electrically tunable strong coupling in a hybrid-2D excitonic metasurface for optical modulation

Original Articles

- Electrically tunable strong coupling in a hybrid-2D excitonic metasurface for optical modulation
- Electrically tunable strong coupling in a hybrid-2D excitonic metasurface for optical modulation
- Light: Science & Applications 2026年15卷第1期页码：289-299
- Affiliations：
  
  Van der Waals-Zeeman Institute, Institute of Physics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Author bio：
  
  Jorik van de Groep (j.vandegroep@uva.nl)
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1038/s41377-025-02079-3
  中图分类号：
- 收稿：2025-03-24，
  
  修回：2025-09-04，
  
  录用：2025-10-02，
  
  网络出版：2026-01-02，
  
  纸质出版：2026-01-31
- Accepted：
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Tom Hoekstra, Jorik van de Groep. Electrically tunable strong coupling in a hybrid-2D excitonic metasurface for optical modulation[J]. Light: Science & Applications, 2026,15(1):289-299.

Hoekstra, T. & van de Groep, J. et al. Electrically tunable strong coupling in a hybrid-2D excitonic metasurface for optical modulation. Light: Science & Applications, 15, 289-299 (2026).
Tom Hoekstra, Jorik van de Groep. Electrically tunable strong coupling in a hybrid-2D excitonic metasurface for optical modulation[J]. Light: Science & Applications, 2026,15(1):289-299. DOI： 10.1038/s41377-025-02079-3.

Hoekstra, T. & van de Groep, J. et al. Electrically tunable strong coupling in a hybrid-2D excitonic metasurface for optical modulation. Light: Science & Applications, 15, 289-299 (2026). DOI： 10.1038/s41377-025-02079-3.

摘要

Abstract

Atomically thin semiconductors exhibit tunable exciton resonances that can be harnessed for dynamic manipulation of visible light in ultra-compact metadevices. However

the rapid nonradiative decay and dephasing of excitons at room temperature limit current active excitonic metasurfaces to a few-percent efficiencies. Here

we leverage the combined merits of pristine 2D heterostructures and non-local dielectric metasurfaces to enhance the excitonic light-matter interaction

achieving strong and electrically tunable exciton-photon coupling at ambient conditions in a hybrid-2D excitonic metasurface. Using this

we realize a free-space optical modulator and experimentally demonstrate 9.9 dB of reflectance modulation. The electro-optic response

characterized by a continuous transition from strong to weak coupling

is mediated by gating-induced variations in the free carrier concentration

altering the exciton’s nonradiative decay rate. These results highlight how hybrid-2D excitonic metasurfaces offer novel opportunities to realize nanophotonic devices for active wavefront manipulation and optical communication.

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references

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