Graphene-integrated microtube whispering-gallery mode resonators for polarization-sensitive optical modulation and photodetection

Tianjun Cai; Ziyu Zhang; Binmin Wu; Jiayang You; Zhi Zheng; Yunqi Wang; Changlu Bian; Yang Wang; Yuan Tian; Yuhang Chi; Qingyu Xiao; Mingze Ma; Li Chen; Junhan Liu; Xiang-zhong Chen; Enming Song; Jizhai Cui; Gaoshan Huang; Yongfeng Mei

doi:10.1038/s41377-025-02097-1

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Graphene-integrated microtube whispering-gallery mode resonators for polarization-sensitive optical modulation and photodetection

Original Articles

- Graphene-integrated microtube whispering-gallery mode resonators for polarization-sensitive optical modulation and photodetection
- Graphene-integrated microtube whispering-gallery mode resonators for polarization-sensitive optical modulation and photodetection
- Light: Science & Applications 2026年15卷第5期页码：1489-1501
- Affiliations：
  
  1.International Institute for Intelligent Nanorobots and Nanosystems & State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, College of Intelligent Robotics and Advanced Manufacturing, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
  2.Yiwu Research Institute of Fudan University, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China
  3.State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
  4.Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and Perception, Institute of Optoelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Author bio：
  
  Binmin Wu (wubinmin@mail.sitp.ac.cn)
  Yongfeng Mei (yfm@fudan.edu.cn)
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1038/s41377-025-02097-1
  中图分类号：
- 收稿：2025-04-24，
  
  修回：2025-10-08，
  
  录用：2025-10-13，
  
  网络首发：2026-02-28，
  
  纸质出版：2026-05-31
- Accepted：
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Tianjun Cai, Ziyu Zhang, Binmin Wu, 等. Graphene-integrated microtube whispering-gallery mode resonators for polarization-sensitive optical modulation and photodetection[J]. Light: Science & Applications, 2026,15(5):1489-1501.

Cai, T. J. et al. Graphene-integrated microtube whispering-gallery mode resonators for polarization-sensitive optical modulation and photodetection. Light: Science & Applications, 15, 1489-1501 (2026).
Tianjun Cai, Ziyu Zhang, Binmin Wu, 等. Graphene-integrated microtube whispering-gallery mode resonators for polarization-sensitive optical modulation and photodetection[J]. Light: Science & Applications, 2026,15(5):1489-1501. DOI： 10.1038/s41377-025-02097-1.

Cai, T. J. et al. Graphene-integrated microtube whispering-gallery mode resonators for polarization-sensitive optical modulation and photodetection. Light: Science & Applications, 15, 1489-1501 (2026). DOI： 10.1038/s41377-025-02097-1.

摘要

Abstract

The monolithic photonic-electronic integration is crucial for high-bandwidth optical communication and computing

while existing structures struggle to reconcile compact footprints with performance preservation. Here

graphene-integrated silicon nitride microtube whispering-gallery mode resonators

fabricated via wafer-level nanomembrane self-rolling process

are demonstrated for polarization optical modulation and photodetection in photonic-electronic synergy. The engineered lobe-shaped architecture in the microtube facilitates axial mode quantization

greatly enhancing the optical mode confinement and improving the quality factor. A balanced trade-off between photodetection efficiency and optical resonance is achieved by adjusting the coupling between graphene and microtube resonance

d graphene-integrated microtube resonators with lobe structure demonstrate an efficient optical resonance (

$$ Q $$

= 2008.36) and high photoresponsivity (2.80 A W

−1

). Furthermore

fourfold rotational symmetry breaking in microtubes presents a workable structural paradigm for the polarization-sensitive optical modulation and photodetection

overall characteristics presents a promising platform for optical manipulation and multidimensional detection of integrated photonic and optoelectronic systems.

关键词

Keywords

references

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