Break-through amplified spontaneous emission with ultra-low threshold in perovskite via synergetic moisture and BHT dual strategies

Dingke Zhang; Rui Li; Haoyue Luo; Zhen Meng; Jingwen Yao; Hongfang Liu; Yexiong Huang; Shuaiqi Li; Peng Yu; Jie Yang; Mingyu Pi; Shencheng Fu; Zhenxiang Cheng; Yichun Liu

doi:10.1038/s41377-025-02171-8

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Break-through amplified spontaneous emission with ultra-low threshold in perovskite via synergetic moisture and BHT dual strategies

Original Articles

- Break-through amplified spontaneous emission with ultra-low threshold in perovskite via synergetic moisture and BHT dual strategies
- Break-through amplified spontaneous emission with ultra-low threshold in perovskite via synergetic moisture and BHT dual strategies
- Light: Science & Applications 2026年15卷第4期页码：1160-1171
- Affiliations：
  
  1.School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
  2.School of Physics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
  3.State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
  4.Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences, University of Wollongong Innovation Campus, North Wollongong, NSW, Australia
- Author bio：
  
  Dingke Zhang (zhangdk@cqnu.edu.cn)
  Shencheng Fu (fusc515@nenu.edu.cn)
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1038/s41377-025-02171-8
  中图分类号：
- 收稿：2025-07-25，
  
  修回：2025-12-10，
  
  录用：2025-12-15，
  
  网络首发：2026-02-02，
  
  纸质出版：2026-04-30
- Accepted：
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Dingke Zhang, Rui Li, Haoyue Luo, 等. Break-through amplified spontaneous emission with ultra-low threshold in perovskite via synergetic moisture and BHT dual strategies[J]. Light: Science & Applications, 2026,15(4):1160-1171.

Zhang, D. K. et al. Break-through amplified spontaneous emission with ultra-low threshold in perovskite via synergetic moisture and BHT dual strategies. Light: Science & Applications, 15, 1160-1171 (2026).
Dingke Zhang, Rui Li, Haoyue Luo, 等. Break-through amplified spontaneous emission with ultra-low threshold in perovskite via synergetic moisture and BHT dual strategies[J]. Light: Science & Applications, 2026,15(4):1160-1171. DOI： 10.1038/s41377-025-02171-8.

Zhang, D. K. et al. Break-through amplified spontaneous emission with ultra-low threshold in perovskite via synergetic moisture and BHT dual strategies. Light: Science & Applications, 15, 1160-1171 (2026). DOI： 10.1038/s41377-025-02171-8.

摘要

Abstract

Micro-nano lasers hold significant promise for on-chip integrated photonics

where perovskite materials emerge as compelling gain media despite stability challenges. While moisture typically degrades perovskite structures

its controlled integration can paradoxically enhance crystallization. Here

we demonstrate a synergistic strategy utilizing water molecules and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) additive to achieve high-quality methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI

) films with low defect density. Through optimized BHT (4 wt%) combined with 95% relative humidity treatment

we attain an unprecedented amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) threshold of 8.987 μJ cm

-2

under nanosecond pulse excitation – the lowest value reported to date. This dual-triggered film completes ASE intensity retention after 30-day ambient storage. In situ structural and optoelectronic characterizat

ion reveals that BHT extends water-perovskite interaction

facilitating organic cation vertical diffusion and preferential (110)-oriented crystallization with 53.02% perpendicular alignment. Transient absorption (TA) spectroscopy confirms suppressed non-radiative recombination

evidenced by 11% prolonged carrier lifetime (6145 ps)

while temperature-dependent photoluminescence reveals enhanced exciton binding energy (73.50 meV vs. 60.68 meV) conducive to low-threshold lasing. This work transforms moisture from a degradation agent into a crystallization promoter

establishing a paradigm for high-performance perovskite lasers with simultaneous efficiency and stability.

关键词

Keywords

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