Multifunctional ligand engineering enables high-performance CsPb(Br/Cl)<sub>3</sub> nanocrystals toward efficient and stable pure-blue perovskite LEDs

Maimaitizi Hujiabudula; Hans Ågren; Guanying Chen

doi:10.1038/s41377-026-02214-8

Your Location：

Home >

Browse articles >

Multifunctional ligand engineering enables high-performance CsPb(Br/Cl)₃ nanocrystals toward efficient and stable pure-blue perovskite LEDs

Original Articles

- Multifunctional ligand engineering enables high-performance CsPb(Br/Cl)₃ nanocrystals toward efficient and stable pure-blue perovskite LEDs
- Multifunctional ligand engineering enables high-performance CsPb(Br/Cl)₃ nanocrystals toward efficient and stable pure-blue perovskite LEDs
- Light: Science & Applications 2026年15卷第5期页码：1511-1522
- Affiliations：
  
  1.MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-structures, Ministry of Education, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
  2.State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
  3.Harbin KY Semiconductor Inc., Harbin, China
  4.Division of X-ray Photon Science, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
  5.Harbin Institute of Technology (Weihai) Qingdao Research Institute, Qingdao, China
- Author bio：
  
  Guanying Chen (chenguanying@hit.edu.cn)
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1038/s41377-026-02214-8
  中图分类号：
- 收稿：2025-07-09，
  
  修回：2025-12-22，
  
  录用：2026-01-26，
  
  网络首发：2026-02-28，
  
  纸质出版：2026-05-31
- Accepted：
Scan QR Code
Maimaitizi Hujiabudula, Hans Ågren, Guanying Chen. Multifunctional ligand engineering enables high-performance CsPb(Br/Cl)₃ nanocrystals toward efficient and stable pure-blue perovskite LEDs[J]. Light: Science & Applications, 2026,15(5):1511-1522. DOI: 10.1038/s41377-026-02214-8.

Hujiabudula, M., Ågren, H. & Chen, G. Y. Multifunctional ligand engineering enables high-performance CsPb(Br/Cl)₃ nanocrystals toward efficient and stable pure-blue perovskite LEDs. Light: Science & Applications, 15, 1511-1522 (2026). DOI: 10.1038/s41377-026-02214-8.
Maimaitizi Hujiabudula, Hans Ågren, Guanying Chen. Multifunctional ligand engineering enables high-performance CsPb(Br/Cl)₃ nanocrystals toward efficient and stable pure-blue perovskite LEDs[J]. Light: Science & Applications, 2026,15(5):1511-1522. DOI: 10.1038/s41377-026-02214-8. DOI：

Hujiabudula, M., Ågren, H. & Chen, G. Y. Multifunctional ligand engineering enables high-performance CsPb(Br/Cl)₃ nanocrystals toward efficient and stable pure-blue perovskite LEDs. Light: Science & Applications, 15, 1511-1522 (2026). DOI: 10.1038/s41377-026-02214-8. DOI：

摘要

Abstract

The development of pure-blue perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) still lags behind that of green and red-emitting PeLEDs. Mixed halide (Br/Cl) perovskite nanocrystals (PeNCs) are commonly employed for blue emission but suffer from halide vacancies and ion migration. Here

we present a passivation strategy using the multifunctional fluorinated phosphonic acid molecule (1H

2H-heptadecafluorodec-1-yl)phosphonic acid (HFPA)

which possesses active functional groups that improve the stability and electroluminescence performance of CsPb(Br/Cl)

NCs. The HFPA molecule is shown to interact with uncoordinated Pb

on the PeNC surface through the phosphonate groups

concurrently establishing hyd

rogen bonds with adjacent halide ions. Moreover

the presence of fluorine atoms promotes ionic bond formation with the halide octahedra

thereby stabilizing the octahedral structure. The fabricated PeNC-LEDs exhibited a spectrally stable pure-blue emission peak at 467 nm

achieving a significantly improved external quantum efficiency (14.8%

9-fold higher)

maximum luminance (1052 cd·m

-2

10-fold higher)

and half-life (342 s

13-fold higher) compared to the device fabricated with unmodified CsPb(Br/Cl)

NCs. Furthermore

the effective passivation of surface vacancies and stabilization of halogen ions by the HFPA molecules successfully suppressed ion migration in the PeNC-LEDs

thereby significantly enhancing the stability of the device.

关键词

Keywords

references

Gao, Y. et al. Highly efficient blue light-emitting diodes based on mixed-halide perovskites with reduced chlorine defects. Sci. Adv. 10 , eado5645 (2024)..

Xing, G. C. et al. Low-temperature solution-processed wavelength-tunable perovskites for lasing. Nat. Mater. 13 , 476–480 (2014)..

Zhang, Q. K. et al. Nanosecond response perovskite quantum dot light-emitting diodes with ultra-high resolution for active display application. Light Sci. Appl. 14 , 285 (2025)..

Feng, S. C. et al. Efficient and stable red perovskite light-emitting diodes via thermodynamic crystallization control. Adv. Mater. 36 , 2410255 (2024)..

Bai, W. H. et al. Perovskite light-emitting diodes with an external quantum efficiency exceeding 30%. Adv. Mater. 35 , 2302283 (2023)..

Kong, L. M. et al. Efficient and stable hybrid perovskite-organic light-emitting diodes with external quantum efficiency exceeding 40 per cent. Light Sci. Appl. 13 , 138 (2024)..

Jiang, Y. Z. et al. Spectra stable blue perovskite light-emitting diodes. Nat. Commun. 10 , 1868 (2019)..

Xing, J. et al. Color-stable highly luminescent sky-blue perovskite light-emitting diodes. Nat. Commun. 9 , 3541 (2018)..

Jiang, Y. Z. et al. Synthesis-on-substrat e of quantum dot solids. Nature 612 , 679–684 (2022)..

Nong, Y. Y. et al. Boosting external quantum efficiency of blue perovskite QLEDs exceeding 23% by trifluoroacetate passivation and mixed hole transportation design. Adv. Mater. 36 , 2402325 (2024)..

Wang, B. et al. Low-dimensional phase regulation to restrain non-radiative recombination for sky-blue perovskite LEDs with EQE exceeding 15. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 62 , e202219255 (2023)..

Zheng, X. P. et al. Chlorine vacancy passivation in mixed halide perovskite quantum dots by organic pseudohalides enables efficient Rec. 2020 blue light-emitting diodes. ACS Energy Lett. 5 , 793–798 (2020)..

Kamat, P. V. & Kuno, M. Halide ion migration in perovskite nanocrystals and nanostructures. Acc. Chem. Res. 54 , 520–531 (2021)..

Huang, Z. R. et al. Suppressed ion migration in reduced-dimensional perovskites improves operating stability. ACS Energy Lett. 4 , 1521–1527 (2019)..

Cho, H. et al. Improving the stability of metal halide perovskite materials and light-emitting d iodes. Adv. Mater. 30 , 1704587 (2018)..

Wang, Y. K. et al. In situ inorganic ligand replenishment enables bandgap stability in mixed-halide perovskite quantum dot solids. Adv. Mater. 34 , 2200854 (2022)..

Li, N. et al. Ion migration in perovskite light-emitting diodes: mechanism, characterizations, and material and device engineering. Adv. Mater. 34 , 2108102 (2022)..

Kim, H. et al. Proton-transfer-induced 3D/2D hybrid perovskites suppress ion migration and reduce luminance overshoot. Nat. Commun. 11 , 3378 (2020)..

Liu, S. C. et al. Zwitterions narrow distribution of perovskite quantum wells for blue light-emitting diodes with efficiency exceeding 15%. Adv. Mater. 35 , 2208078 (2023)..

Ren, Z. W. et al. High-performance blue perovskite light-emitting diodes enabled by efficient energy transfer between coupled quasi-2D perovskite layers. Adv. Mater. 33 , 2005570 (2021)..

Zhang, D. Z. et al. Self-stabilized quasi-2D perovskite with an ion-migration-inhibition ligand for pure green LEDs. ACS Energy Lett. 9 , 1133–1140 (2024)..

Wang, R. W. et al. Yttrium cation doping and phenylphosphonic acid passivation for pure-red perovskite light-emitting diodes. ACS Energy Lett. 9 , 4699–4707 (2024)..

Zhang, S. F. et al. Molecular doping mechanism for efficient and stable formamidine-cesium perovskite solar cells. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 254 , 112278 (2023)..

Kang, Y. & Ju, S. Control of the threshold voltage of polyvinylpyrrolidone-coated SnO 2 nanowire transistor using xenon flash light irradiation. AIP Adv. 10 , 025304 (2020)..

Bong, J. et al. Controlled three-dimensional interconnected capillary structures for liquid repellency engineering. RSC Adv. 6 , 61909–61914 (2016)..

Wang, B. F. et al. Enhanced electroluminescence and stability of sky-blue perovskite light-emitting diodes. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 64 , e202419746 (2025)..

Sun, S. Q. et al. Bifunctional molecule enables high-quality CsPb(Br/Cl) 3 nanocrystals for efficient and stable pure-blue perovskite light-emitting diodes. ACS Energy Lett. 7 , 3974–3981 (2022)..

Song, J. Z. et al. Quantum dot light-emitting diodes based on inorganic perovskite cesium lead halides (CsPbX 3 ). Adv. Mater. 27 , 7162–7167 (2015)..

Liu, M. M. et al. Suppression of temperature quenching in perovskite nanocrystals for efficient and thermally stable light-emitting diodes. Nat. Photonics 15 , 379–385 (2021)..

Maimaitizi, H. et al. Heterostructure CsPbBr 3 /SrBrF nanocrystals stabilize perovskite LEDs with suppressed halogen ion migration. ACS Mater. Lett. 6 , 250–259 (2024)..

Meggiolaro, D., Mosconi, E. & De Angelis, F. Formation of surface defects dominates ion migration in lead-halide perovskites. ACS Energy Lett. 4 , 779–785 (2019)..

Xu, Y. Z. et al. Multisite cross-linked ligand suppressing ion migration for efficient and stable CsPbBr 3 perovskite quantum dot-based light-emitting diodes. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 64 , e202422823 (2025)..

Wang, H. et al. Phosphonic chloride assisted fabrication of highly emissive mixed halide perovskite films in ambie nt air for blue light-emitting diodes. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 16 , 28771–28779 (2024)..

He, K. et al. Method for determining crystal grain size by X-ray diffraction. Cryst. Res. Technol. 53 , 1700157 (2018)..

Li, F. et al. Postsynthetic surface trap removal of CsPbX 3 (X = Cl, Br, or I) quantum dots via a ZnX 2 /hexane solution toward an enhanced luminescence quantum yield. Chem. Mater. 30 , 8546–8554 (2018)..

Zhan, W. J. et al. Fluorine passivation inhibits "particle talking" behaviors under thermal and electrical conditions of pure blue mixed halide perovskite nanocrystals. Small 19 , 2304829 (2023)..

Li, N. X. et al. Cation and anion immobilization through chemical bonding enhancement with fluorides for stable halide perovskite solar cells. Nat. Energy 4 , 408–415 (2019)..

Castelli, I. E. et al. Bandgap calculations and trends of organometal halide perovskites. APL Mater. 2 , 081514 (2014)..

Chen,Q. et al. Under the spotlight: the organic-inorganic hybrid halide perovskite for optoelectr onic applications. Nano Today 10 , 355–396 (2015)..

Liu, H. P., Li, T. R. & Wang, Y. H. 2-Bromohexadecanoic acid as a novel bidentate ligand for passivation of cesium lead halide perovskite nanocrystals with near-unity photoluminescence quantum yield and superior photostability. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 17 , 24146–24156 (2025)..

Shen, C. Y. et al. Post-passivation of perovskite quantum dots by conjugated molecules for spectrally stable and efficient deep blue light-emitting diodes. Laser Photonics Rev. 17 , 2300390 (2023)..

Zhang, F. et al. Silica coating enhances the stability of inorganic perovskite nanocrystals for efficient and stable down-conversion in white light-emitting devices. Nanoscale 10 , 20131–20139 (2018)..

Cheng, X. W. et al. Boosting the self-trapped exciton emission in alloyed Cs 2 (Ag/Na)InCl 6 double perovskite via Cu + doping. Adv. Sci. 9 , 2103724 (2022)..

Wang, W. Z. et al. Mn-doped perovskite quantum dots with thermal stability synthesized at room temperature. Opt. Mater. 150 , 115308 (2024)..

Dong, J. C. et al. Deep-blue electroluminescence of perovskites with reduced dimensionality achieved by manipulating adsorption-energy differences. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 61 , e202210322 (2022)..

Xie, M. Y. et al. Suppressing ion migration of mixed-halide perovskite quantum dots for high efficiency pure-red light-emitting diodes. Adv. Funct. Mater. 33 , 2300116 (2023)..

Knight, A. J. & Herz, L. M. Preventing phase segregation in mixed-halide perovskites: a perspective. Energy Environ. Sci. 13 , 2024–2046 (2020)..

Slotcavage, D. J., Karunadasa, H. I. & McGehee, M. D. Light-induced phase segregation in halide-perovskite absorbers. ACS Energy Lett. 1 , 1199–1205 (2016)..

Yoon, S. J. et al. Tracking iodide and bromide ion segregation in mixed halide lead perovskites during photoirradiation. ACS Energy Lett. 1 , 290–296 (2016)..

Yang, S. J. et al. Two-factor phase separations in mixed-halide quasi-2D perovskite LEDs: dimensionality and halide segregations. ACS Energy Lett. 8 , 3693–3701 (2023)..

浏览量

Downloads

CSCD

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

Submit

工具集

关联资源

Boltzmann luminescent nanothermometry: mechanistic criteria and predictive design of thermally coupled levels

Compact and programmable large-scale optical processor in free space

Superextensive electrical power from a quantum battery

High-dimensional multiplexing through vortex electromagnetic wave manipulation by space-time-coding metasurfaces

Continuous polarization–wavelength mapping with nonlocal metasurfaces

Multifunctional ligand engineering enables high-performance CsPb(Br/Cl)3 nanocrystals toward efficient and stable pure-blue perovskite LEDs

Multifunctional ligand engineering enables high-performance CsPb(Br/Cl)3 nanocrystals toward efficient and stable pure-blue perovskite LEDs

DOI：10.1038/s41377-026-02214-8

摘要

Abstract

关键词

Keywords

references

Multifunctional ligand engineering enables high-performance CsPb(Br/Cl)₃ nanocrystals toward efficient and stable pure-blue perovskite LEDs

Multifunctional ligand engineering enables high-performance CsPb(Br/Cl)₃ nanocrystals toward efficient and stable pure-blue perovskite LEDs