Generalization of the optical theorem: experimental proof for radially polarized beams

Alexey V. Krasavin; Paulina Segovia; Rostyslav Dubrovka; Nicolas Olivier; Gregory A. Wurtz; Pavel Ginzburg; Anatoly V. Zayats

doi:10.1038/s41377-018-0025-x

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Generalization of the optical theorem: experimental proof for radially polarized beams

Original Articles

- Generalization of the optical theorem: experimental proof for radially polarized beams
- Light: Science & Applications Vol. 7, Issue 5, Pages: 408-417(2018)
- Affiliations：
  
  1.Department of Physics, King's College London, Strand, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
  2.Department of Electronic Engineering, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
  3.School of Electrical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
  4.ITMO University, St. Petersburg, 197101, Russia
  5.Present address: Departamento de Optica, CICESE, Carretera Ensenada-Tijuana, 3918, 22860, Ensenada, Mexico
  6.Present address: Laboratory for Optics & Biosciences, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS UMR 7645, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
  7.Present address: Department of Physics, University of North Florida, Jacksonville FL 32224, USA
- Author bio：
  
  Alexey V. Krasavin (alexey.krasavin@kcl.ac.uk)
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1038/s41377-018-0025-x
  CLC：
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Krasavin, A. V. et al. Generalization of the optical theorem:experimental proof for radially polarized beams. Light: Science & Applications, 7, 408-417 (2018).
DOI：

Krasavin, A. V. et al. Generalization of the optical theorem:experimental proof for radially polarized beams. Light: Science & Applications, 7, 408-417 (2018). DOI： 10.1038/s41377-018-0025-x.

摘要

Abstract

The optical theorem, which is a consequence of the energy conservation in scattering processes, directly relates the forward scattering amplitude to the extinction cross-section of the object. Originally derived for planar scalar waves, it neglects the complex structure of the focused beams and the vectorial nature of the electromagnetic field. On the other hand, radially or azimuthally polarized fields and various vortex beams, essential in modern photonic technologies, possess a prominent vectorial field structure. Here, we experimentally demonstrate a complete violation of the commonly used form of the optical theorem for radially polarized beams at both visible and microwave frequencies. We show that a plasmonic particle illuminated by such a beam exhibits strong extinction, while the scattering in the forward direction is zero. The generalized formulation of the optical theorem provides agreement with the observed results. The reported effect is vital for the understanding and design of the interaction of complex vector beams carrying longitudinal field components with subwavelength objects important in imaging, communications, nanoparticle manipulation, and detection, as well as metrology.

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references

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