Single-shot real-time femtosecond imaging of temporal focusing

Jinyang Liang; Liren Zhu; Lihong V. Wang

doi:10.1038/s41377-018-0044-7

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Single-shot real-time femtosecond imaging of temporal focusing

Original Articles

- Single-shot real-time femtosecond imaging of temporal focusing
- Light: Science & Applications Vol. 7, Issue 5, Pages: 466-475(2018)
- Affiliations：
  
  1.Caltech Optical Imaging Laboratory, Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Mail Code 138-78, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
  2.Present address: Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, 1650 Boulevard Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, QC, J3X1S2, Canada
- Author bio：
  
  Lihong V. Wang (LVW@caltech.edu)
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1038/s41377-018-0044-7
  CLC：
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Liang, J. Y., Zhu, L. R. & Wang, L. H. V. Single-shot real-time femtosecond imaging of temporal focusing. Light: Science & Applications, 7, 466-475 (2018).
DOI：

Liang, J. Y., Zhu, L. R. & Wang, L. H. V. Single-shot real-time femtosecond imaging of temporal focusing. Light: Science & Applications, 7, 466-475 (2018). DOI： 10.1038/s41377-018-0044-7.

摘要

Abstract

While the concept of focusing usually applies to the spatial domain, it is equally applicable to the time domain. Real-time imaging of temporal focusing of single ultrashort laser pulses is of great significance in exploring the physics of the space–time duality and finding diverse applications. The drastic changes in the width and intensity of an ultrashort laser pulse during temporal focusing impose a requirement for femtosecond-level exposure to capture the instantaneous light patterns generated in this exquisite phenomenon. Thus far, established ultrafast imaging techniques either struggle to reach the desired exposure time or require repeatable measurements. We have developed single-shot 10-trillion-frame-per-second compressed ultrafast photography (T-CUP), which passively captures dynamic events with 100-fs frame intervals in a single camera exposure. The synergy between compressed sensing and the Radon transformation empowers T-CUP to significantly reduce the number of projections needed for reconstructing a high-quality three-dimensional spatiotemporal datacube. As the only currently available real-time, passive imaging modality with a femtosecond exposure time, T-CUP was used to record the first-ever movie of non-repeatable temporal focusing of a single ultrashort laser pulse in a dynamic scattering medium. T-CUP's unprecedented ability to clearly reveal the complex evolution in the shape, intensity, and width of a temporally focused pulse in a single measurement paves the way for single-shot characterization of ultrashort pulses, experimental investigation of nonlinear light-matter interactions, and real-time wavefront engineering for deep-tissue light focusing.

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