
1.Optical Imaging Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, 63130, USA
2.Caltech Optical Imaging Laboratory, Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd., MC 138-78, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
3.Present address: School of Precision Instruments and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
Lihong V. Wang (LVW@caltech.edu)
Published:2019,
Published Online:03 April 2019,
Received:24 December 2018,
Revised:21 March 2019,
Accepted:22 March 2019
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Zhang, P. et al. In vivo superresolution photoacoustic computed tomography by localization of single dyed droplets. Light: Science & Applications, 8, 297-305 (2019).
Zhang, P. et al. In vivo superresolution photoacoustic computed tomography by localization of single dyed droplets. Light: Science & Applications, 8, 297-305 (2019). DOI: 10.1038/s41377-019-0147-9.
Photoacoustic (PA) computed tomography (PACT) is a noninvasive hybrid imaging technique that combines optical excitation and acoustic detection to realize high contrast
high resolution
and deep penetration in biological tissues. However
the spatial resolution of PACT is limited by acoustic diffraction. Here
we report in vivo superresolution PACT
which breaks the acoustic diffraction limit by localizing the centers of single dyed droplets that are flowing in blood vessels. The droplets were prepared by dissolving hydrophobic absorbing dye in oil
followed by mixing with water. The dyed droplets generate much higher-amplitude PA signals than blood and can flow smoothly in vessels; thus
they are excellent tracers for localization-based superresolution imaging. The in vivo resolution enhancement was demonstrated by continuously imaging the cortical layer of a mouse brain during droplet injection. The droplets that were flowing in the vessels were localized
and their center positions were used to construct a superresolution image that exhibits sharper features and more finely resolved vascular details. An improvement in spatial resolution by a factor of 6 has been realized in vivo by the droplet localization technique.
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