Multiplication and division of the orbital angular momentum of light with diffractive transformation optics

Gianluca Ruffato; Michele Massari; Filippo Romanato

doi:10.1038/s41377-019-0222-2

Go to Nature Website

Your Location：

Home >

Browse articles >

Multiplication and division of the orbital angular momentum of light with diffractive transformation optics

Article

- Multiplication and division of the orbital angular momentum of light with diffractive transformation optics
- Light: Science & Applications Vol. 8, Issue 6, Pages: 1098-1110(2019)
- Affiliations：
  
  1.Department of Physics and Astronomy 'G. Galilei', University of Padova, via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
  2.LaNN, Laboratory for Nanofabrication of Nanodevices, EcamRicert, Corso StatiUniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
  3.CNR-INFM TASC IOM National Laboratory, S.S. 14 Km 163.5, 34012 Trieste, Italy
- Author bio：
  
  Gianluca Ruffato (gianluca.ruffato@unipd.it)
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1038/s41377-019-0222-2
  CLC：
- Published：2019，
  
  Published Online：05 December 2019，
  
  Received：12 April 2019，
  
  Revised：05 November 2019，
  
  Accepted：11 November 2019
- Accepted：
Scan QR Code
Ruffato, G., Massari, M. & Romanato, F. Multiplication and division of the orbital angular momentum of light with diffractive transformation optics. Light: Science & Applications, 8, 1098-1110 (2019).
DOI：

Ruffato, G., Massari, M. & Romanato, F. Multiplication and division of the orbital angular momentum of light with diffractive transformation optics. Light: Science & Applications, 8, 1098-1110 (2019). DOI： 10.1038/s41377-019-0222-2.

摘要

Abstract

We present a method to efficiently multiply or divide the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of light beams using a sequence of two optical elements. The key element is represented by an optical transformation mapping the azimuthal phase gradient of the input OAM beam onto a circular sector. By combining multiple circular-sector transformations into a single optical element

it is possible to multiply the value of the input OAM state by splitting and mapping the phase onto complementary circular sectors. Conversely

by combining multiple inverse transformations

the division of the initial OAM value is achievable by mapping distinct complementary circular sectors of the input beam into an equal number of circular phase gradients. Optical elements have been fabricated in the form of phase-only diffractive optics with high-resolution electron-beam lithography. Optical tests confirm the capability of the multiplier optics to perform integer multiplication of the input OAM

whereas the designed dividers are demonstrated to correctly split up the input beam into a complementary set of OAM beams. These elements can find applications for the multiplicative generation of higher-order OAM modes

optical information processing based on OAM beam transmission

and optical routing/switching in telecom.

关键词

Keywords

references

Allen, L. et al. Orbital angular momentum of light and the transformation of Laguerre-Gaussian laser modes.Phys. Rev. A45, 8185-8189 (1992)..

Padgett, M. J. Orbital angular momentum 25 years on.Opt. Express25, 11265-11274 (2017)..

Padgett, M.&Bowman, R. Tweezers with a twist.Nat. Photonics5, 343-348 (2011)..

Ritsch-Marte, M. Orbital angular momentum light in microscopy.Philos. Trans. R. Soc. A: Math., Phys. Eng. Sci.375, 20150437 (2017)..

Vicidomini, G., Bianchini, P.&Diaspro, A. STED super-resolved microscopy.Nat. Methods15, 173-182 (2018)..

Mari, E. et al. Sub-Rayleigh optical vortex coronagraphy.Opt. Express20, 2445-2451 (2012)..

Wang, J. Twisted optical communications using orbital angular momentum. Science China Physics, Mechanics&.Astronomy62, 34201 (2019)..

Mirhosseini, M. et al. High-dimensional quantum cryptography with twisted light.N. J. Phys.17, 033033 (2015)..

Ruffato, G. et al. Design, fabrication and characterization of computer generated holograms for anti-counterfeiting applications using OAM beams as light decoders.Sci. Rep.7, 18011 (2017)..

Khonina, S. N. et al. The phase rotor filter.J. Mod. Opt.39, 1147-1154 (1992)..

Massari, M. et al. Fabrication and characterization of high-quality spiral phase plates for optical applications.Appl. Opt.54, 4077-4083 (2015)..

Sacks, Z. S., Rozas, D.&Swartzlander, G. A. Holographic formation of optical-vortex filaments.J. Optical Soc. Am. B15, 2226-2234 (1998)..

Lei, T. et al. Massive individual orbital angular momentum channels for multiplexing enabled by Dammann gratings.Light Sci. Appl.4, e257 (2015)..

Marrucci, L., Manzo, C.&Paparo, P. Pancharatnam-Berry phase optical elements for wave front shaping in the visible domain: switchable helical mode generation.Appl. Phys. Lett.88, 221102 (2006)..

Fickler, R. et al. Interface between path and orbital angular momentum entanglement for high-dimensional photonic quantum information.Nat. Commun.5, 4502 (2014)..

Li, W. Z. et al.Rapidly tunable orbital angular momentum (OAM) system for higher order Bessel beams integrated in time (HOBBIT).Opt. Express27, 3920-3934 (2019)..

Chen, M. L. N., Jiang, L. J.&Sha, W. E. I. Orbital angular momentum generation and detection by geometric-phase based metasurfaces.Appl. Sci.8, 362 (2018)..

Hell, S. W.&Wichmann, J. Breaking the diffraction resolution limit by stimulated emission: stimulated-emission-depletion fluorescence microscopy.Opt. Lett.19, 780-782 (1994)..

Yu, S. Y. Potentials and challenges of using orbital angular momentum communications in optical interconnects.Opt. Express23, 3075-3087 (2015)..

Wang, J. et al. Terabit free-space data transmission employing orbital angular momentum multiplexing.Nat. Photonics6, 488-496 (2012)..

Bozinovic, N. et al. Terabit-scale orbital angular momentum mode division multiplexing in fibers.Science340, 1545-1548 (2013)..

Scaffardi, M. et al. Interconnection network architectures based on integrated orbital angular momentum emitters.Opt. Commun.408, 63-67 (2018)..

Ruffato, G. et al. Electrically activated spin-controlled orbital angular momentum multiplexer.Appl. Phys. Lett.113, 011109 (2018)..

Willner, A. E. et al. Orbital-angular-momentum-based reconfigurable optical switching and routing.Photonics Res.4, B5-B8 (2016)..

Liu, J.&Wang, J. Demonstration of reconfigurable joint orbital angular momentum mode and space switching.Sci. Rep.6, 37331 (2016)..

García-Escartín, J. C.&Chamorro-Posada, P. Quantum multiplexing with the orbital angular momentum of light.Phys. Rev. A78, 062320 (2008)..

García-Escartín, J. C.&Chamorro-Posada, P. Universal quantum computation with the orbital angular momentum of a single photon.J. Opt.13, 064022 (2011)..

Potoček, V. et al. Quantum Hilbert hotel.Phys. Rev. Lett.115, 160505 (2015)..

Zhao, Z. et al. Invited article: division and multiplication of the state order for data-carrying orbital angular momentum beams.APL Photonics1, 090802 (2016)..

Zhou, H. L. et al. Orbital angular momentum divider of light.IEEE Photon. J.9, 6500208 (2017)..

Berkhout, G. C. G. et al. Efficient sorting of orbital angular momentum states of light.Phys. Rev. Lett.105, 153601 (2010)..

Lavery, M. P. J. et al. Refractive elements for the measurement of the orbital angular momentum of a single photon.Opt. Express20, 2110-2115 (2012)..

O'Sullivan, M. N. et al. Near-perfect sorting of orbital angular momentum and angular position states of light.Opt. Express20, 24444-24449 (2012)..

Ruffato, G. et al. Test of mode-division multiplexing and demultiplexing in free-space with diffractive transformation optics.Opt. Express25, 7859-7868 (2017)..

Ruffato, G. et al. A compact diffractive sorter for high-resolution demultiplexing of orbital angular momentum beams.Sci. Rep.8, 10248 (2018)..

Takashima, S., Kobayashi, H.&Iwashita, K. Integer multiplier for orbital angular momentum of light using circular-sector transformation. Preprint athttps://arxiv.org/abs/1902.10472, https://journals.aps.org/pra/accepted/8d070Y3aOfa19863589627f0451c8001552155743#abstracthttps://arxiv.org/abs/1902.10472,https://journals.aps.org/pra/accepted/8d070Y3aOfa19863589627f0451c8001552155743#abstract(2019).

Hossack, W. J., Darling, A. M.&Dahdouh, A. Coordinate transformations with multiple computer-generated optical elements.J. Mod. Opt.34, 1235-1250 (1987)..

Ruffato, G., Massari, M.&Romanato, F. Diffractive optics for combined spatial- and mode- division demultiplexing of optical vortices: design, fabrication and optical characterization.Sci. Rep.6, 24760 (2016)..

Rosales-Guzmán, C.&Forbes, A. How to shape light with spatial light modulators (SPIE Press, 2017).

Lavery, M. P. J. et al. Efficient measurement of an optical orbital-angular-momentum spectrum comprising more than 50 states.N. J. Phys.15, 013024 (2013)..

Berry, M. V.&McDonald, K. T. Exact and geometrical optics energy trajectories in twisted beams.J. Opt. A10, 035005 (2008)..

Liu, C. M. et al. Discrimination of orbital angular momentum modes of the terahertz vortex beam using a diffractive mode transformer.Opt. Express24, 12534-12541 (2016)..

McMorran, B. J. et al. Origins and demonstrations of electrons with orbital angular momentum.Philos. Trans. R. Soc.375, 20150434 (2017)..

Harris, J. et al. Structured quantum waves.Nat. Phys.11, 629-634 (2015)..

Grillo, V. et al. Measuring the orbital angular momentum spectrum of an electron beam.Nat. Commun.8, 15536 (2017)..

McMorran, B. J., Harvey, T. R.&Lavery, M. P. J. Efficient sorting of free electron orbital angular momentum.N. J. Phys.19, 023053 (2017)..

Li, J. C., Peng, Z. J.&Fu, Y. C. Diffraction transfer function and its calculation of classic diffraction formula.Opt. Commun.280, 243–248 (2007)..

Views

Downloads

CSCD

Alert me when the article has been cited

Submit

Tools

Publicity Resources

No data

Related Author

No data

Related Institution

No data

⁰