Nonlinear ionization dynamics of hot dense plasma observed in a laser-plasma amplifier

F. Tuitje; P. Martínez Gil; T. Helk; J. Gautier; F. Tissandier; J.-P. Goddet; A. Guggenmos; U. Kleineberg; S. Sebban; E. Oliva; C. Spielmann; M. Zürch

doi:10.1038/s41377-020-00424-2

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Nonlinear ionization dynamics of hot dense plasma observed in a laser-plasma amplifier

Letters

- Nonlinear ionization dynamics of hot dense plasma observed in a laser-plasma amplifier
- Light: Science & Applications Vol. 9, Issue 6, Pages: 1705-1712(2020)
- Affiliations：
  
  1.Institute for Optics and Quantum Electronics, Abbe Center of Photonics, University of Jena, Jena, Germany
  2.Helmholtz Institute Jena, Jena, Germany
  3.Departamento de Ingeniería Energética and Instituto de Fusión Nuclear "Guillermo Velarde", ETSI Industriales, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
  4.Laboratoire d'Optique Appliquée, ENSTA Paris, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
  5.Department for Physics, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Garching, Germany
  6.UltraFast Innovations GmbH, Garching, Germany
  7.Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Berlin, Germany
  8.Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
  9.Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Author bio：
  
  F. Tuitje (frederik.tuitje@uni-jena.de)
  E. Oliva (eduardo.oliva@upm.es)
  M. Zürch (mwz@berkeley.edu)
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1038/s41377-020-00424-2
  CLC：
- Published：2020，
  
  Published Online：18 November 2020，
  
  Received：06 May 2020，
  
  Revised：15 October 2020，
  
  Accepted：26 October 2020
- Accepted：
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Tuitje, F. et al. Nonlinear ionization dynamics of hot dense plasma observed in a laser-plasma amplifier. Light: Science & Applications, 9, 1705-1712 (2020).
DOI：

Tuitje, F. et al. Nonlinear ionization dynamics of hot dense plasma observed in a laser-plasma amplifier. Light: Science & Applications, 9, 1705-1712 (2020). DOI： 10.1038/s41377-020-00424-2.

摘要

Abstract

Understanding the behaviour of matter under conditions of extreme temperature

pressure

density and electromagnetic fields has profound effects on our understanding of cosmologic objects and the formation of the universe. Lacking direct access to such objects

our interpretation of observed data mainly relies on theoretical models. However

such models

which need to encompass nuclear physics

atomic physics and plasma physics over a huge dynamic range in the dimensions of energy and time

can only provide reliable information if we can benchmark them to experiments under well-defined laboratory conditions. Due to the plethora of effects occurring in this kind of highly excited matter

characterizing isolated dynamics or obtaining direct insight remains challenging. High-density plasmas are turbulent and opaque for radiation below the plasma frequency and allow only near-surface insight into ionization processes with visible wavelengths. Here

the output of a high-harmonic seeded laser-plasma amplifier using eight-fold ionized krypton as the gain medium operating at a 32.8 nm wavelength is ptychographically imaged. A complex-valued wavefront is observed in the extreme ultraviolet (XUV) beam with high resolution. Ab initio spatio-temporal Maxwell-Bloch simulations show excellent agreement with the experimental observations

revealing overionization of krypton in the plasma channel due to nonlinear laser-plasma interactions

successfully validating this four-dimensional multiscale model. This constitutes the first experimental observation of the laser ion abundance reshaping a laser-plasma amplifier. The presented approach shows the possibility of directly modelling light-plasma interactions in extreme conditions

such as those present during the early times of the universe

with direct experimental verification.

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