Ultralow-loss geometric phase and polarization shaping by ultrafast laser writing in silica glass

Masaaki Sakakura; Yuhao Lei; Lei Wang; Yan-Hao Yu; Peter G. Kazansky

doi:10.1038/s41377-020-0250-y

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Ultralow-loss geometric phase and polarization shaping by ultrafast laser writing in silica glass

Article

- Ultralow-loss geometric phase and polarization shaping by ultrafast laser writing in silica glass
- Light: Science & Applications Vol. 9, Issue 1, Pages: 141-150(2020)
- Affiliations：
  
  Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
- Author bio：
  
  Masaaki Sakakura (M.Sakakura@soton.ac.uk)
  Lei Wang (L.Wang@soton.ac.uk)
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1038/s41377-020-0250-y
  CLC：
- Published：2020，
  
  Published Online：04 February 2020，
  
  Received：13 August 2019，
  
  Revised：27 December 2019，
  
  Accepted：14 January 2020
- Accepted：
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Sakakura, M. et al. Ultralow-loss geometric phase and polarization shaping by ultrafast laser writing in silica glass. Light: Science & Applications, 9, 141–150 (2020).
DOI：

Sakakura, M. et al. Ultralow-loss geometric phase and polarization shaping by ultrafast laser writing in silica glass. Light: Science & Applications, 9, 141–150 (2020). DOI： 10.1038/s41377-020-0250-y.

摘要

Abstract

Polarization and geometric phase shaping via a space-variant anisotropy has attracted considerable interest for fabrication of flat optical elements and generation of vector beams with applications in various areas of science and technology. Among the methods for anisotropy patterning

imprinting of self-assembled nanograting structures in silica glass by femtosecond laser writing is promising for the fabrication of space-variant birefringent optics with high thermal and chemical durability and high optical damage threshold. However

a drawback is the optical loss due to the light scattering by nanograting structures

which has limited the application. Here

we report a new type of ultrafast laser-induced modification in silica glass

which consists of randomly distributed nanopores elongated in the direction perpendicular to the polarization

providing controllable birefringent structures with transmittance as high as 99% in the visible and near-infrared ranges and >90% in the UV range down to 330 nm. The observed anisotropic nanoporous silica structures are fundamentally different from the femtosecond laser-induced nanogratings and conventional nanoporous silica. A mechanism of nanocavitation via interstitial oxygen generation mediated by multiphoton and avanlanche defect ionization is proposed. We demonstrate ultralow-loss geometrical phase optical elements

including geometrical phase prism and lens

and a vector beam convertor in silica glass.

关键词

Keywords

references

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