Optical whispering-gallery mode barcodes for high-precision and wide-range temperature measurements

Jie Liao; Lan Yang

doi:10.1038/s41377-021-00472-2

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Optical whispering-gallery mode barcodes for high-precision and wide-range temperature measurements

Articles

- Optical whispering-gallery mode barcodes for high-precision and wide-range temperature measurements
- Light: Science & Applications Vol. 10, Issue 2, Pages: 278-288(2021)
- Affiliations：
  
  1.Department of Electrical & Systems Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, MO 63130 St. Louis, USA
  2.Department of Physics, Washington University in St. Louis, MO 63130 St. Louis, USA
- Author bio：
  
  Lan Yang (yang@seas.wustl.edu)
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1038/s41377-021-00472-2
  CLC：
- Published：2021，
  
  Published Online：05 February 2021，
  
  Received：01 September 2020，
  
  Revised：20 November 2020，
  
  Accepted：12 January 2021
- Accepted：
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Liao, J. & Yang L. Optical whispering-gallery mode barcodes for high-precision and wide-range temperature measurements. Light: Science & Applications, 10, 278-288 (2021).
DOI：

Liao, J. & Yang L. Optical whispering-gallery mode barcodes for high-precision and wide-range temperature measurements. Light: Science & Applications, 10, 278-288 (2021). DOI： 10.1038/s41377-021-00472-2.

摘要

Abstract

Temperature is one of the most fundamental physical properties to characterize various physical

chemical

and biological processes. Even a slight change in temperature could have an impact on the status or dynamics of a system. Thus

there is a great need for high-precision and large-dynamic-range temperature measurements. Conventional temperature sensors encounter difficulties in high-precision thermal sensing on the submicron scale. Recently

optical whispering-gallery mode (WGM) sensors have shown promise for many sensing applications

such as thermal sensing

magnetic detection

and biosensing. However

despite their superior sensitivity

the conventional sensing method for WGM resonators relies on tracking the changes in a single mode

which limits the dynamic range constrained by the laser source that has to be fine-tuned in a timely manner to follow the selected mode during the measurement. Moreover

we cannot derive the actual temperature from the spectrum directly but rather derive a relative temperature change. Here

we demonstrate an optical WGM barcode technique involving simultaneous monitoring of the patterns of multiple modes that can provide a direct temperature readout from the spectrum. The measurement relies on the patterns of multiple modes in the WGM spectrum instead of the changes of a particular mode. It can provide us with more information than the single-mode spectrum

such as the precise measurement of actual temperatures. Leveraging the high sensitivity of WGMs and eliminating the need to monitor particular modes

this work lays the foundation for developing a high-performance temperature sensor with not only superior sensitivity but also a broad dynamic range.

关键词

Keywords

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