Liquid crystal-templated chiral nanomaterials: from chiral plasmonics to circularly polarized luminescence

Xuan Zhang; Yiyi Xu; Cristian Valenzuela; Xinfang Zhang; Ling Wang; Wei Feng; Quan Li

doi:10.1038/s41377-022-00913-6

Go to Nature Website

Your Location：

Home >

Browse articles >

Liquid crystal-templated chiral nanomaterials: from chiral plasmonics to circularly polarized luminescence

Reviews

- Liquid crystal-templated chiral nanomaterials: from chiral plasmonics to circularly polarized luminescence
- Light: Science & Applications Vol. 11, Issue 8, Pages: 1753-1781(2022)
- Affiliations：
  
  1.School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 300350, Tianjin, China
  2.Institute of Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, 211189, Nanjing, China
  3.Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program, Kent State University, Kent, OH, 44242, USA
- Author bio：
  
  Ling Wang (lwang17@tju.edu.cn)
  Wei Feng (weifeng@tju.edu.cn)
  Quan Li (quanli3273@gmail.com)
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1038/s41377-022-00913-6
  CLC：
- Published：31 August 2022，
  
  Published Online：14 July 2022，
  
  Received：30 March 2022，
  
  Revised：14 June 2022，
  
  Accepted：23 June 2022
- Accepted：
Scan for full text
Zhang, X. et al. Liquid crystal-templated chiral nanomaterials: from chiral plasmonics to circularly polarized luminescence. Light: Science & Applications, 11, 1753-1781 (2022).
DOI：

Zhang, X. et al. Liquid crystal-templated chiral nanomaterials: from chiral plasmonics to circularly polarized luminescence. Light: Science & Applications, 11, 1753-1781 (2022). DOI： 10.1038/s41377-022-00913-6.

摘要

Abstract

Chiral nanomaterials with intrinsic chirality or spatial asymmetry at the nanoscale are currently in the limelight of both fundamental research and diverse important technological applications due to their unprecedented physicochemical characteristics such as intense light-matter interactions

enhanced circular dichroism

and strong circularly polarized luminescence. Herein

we provide a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art advances in liquid crystal-templated chiral nanomaterials. The chiroptical properties of chiral nanomaterials are touched

and their fundamental design principles and bottom-up synthesis strategies are discussed. Different chiral functional nanomaterials based on liquid-crystalline soft templates

including chiral plasmonic nanomaterials and chiral luminescent nanomaterials

are systematically introduced

and their underlying mechanisms

properties

and potential applications are emphasized. This review concludes with a perspective on the emerging applications

challenges

and future opportunities of such fascinating chiral nanomaterials. This review can not only deepen our understanding of the fundamentals of soft-matter chirality

but also shine light on the development of advanced chiral functional nanomaterials toward their versatile applications in optics

biology

catalysis

electronics

and beyond.

关键词

Keywords

references

L. Wang , A. M. Urbas , Q. Li . Nature-inspired emerging chiral liquid crystal nanostructures: from molecular self-assembly to DNA mesophase and nanocolloids . Adv. Mater. , 2020 . 32 1801335 DOI:10.1002/adma.201801335http://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201801335 .

M. H. Liu , L. Zhang , T. Y. Wang . Supramolecular chirality in self-assembled systems . Chem. Rev. , 2015 . 115 7304 -7397 . DOI:10.1021/cr500671phttp://doi.org/10.1021/cr500671p .

J. Bailey , 等 . Circular polarization in star- formation regions: implications for biomolecular homochirality . Science , 1998 . 281 672 -674 . DOI:10.1126/science.281.5377.672http://doi.org/10.1126/science.281.5377.672 .

W. H. Brooks , W. C. Guida , K. G. Daniel . The significance of chirality in drug design and development . Curr. Top. Med. Chem. , 2011 . 11 760 -770 . DOI:10.2174/156802611795165098http://doi.org/10.2174/156802611795165098 .

Tang, Z. Chiral Nanomaterials: Preparation, Properties and Applications. (Wiley-VCH, 2018).

N. A. Kotov , L. M. Liz-Marzán , P. S. Weiss . Chiral nanostructures: new twists . ACS Nano , 2021 . 15 12457 -12460 . DOI:10.1021/acsnano.1c06959http://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.1c06959 .

M. J. Ha , 等 . Multicomponent plasmonic nanoparticles: from heterostructured nanoparticles to colloidal composite nanostructures . Chem. Rev. , 2019 . 119 12208 -12278 . DOI:10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00234http://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00234 .

J. C. Fan , N. A. Kotov . Chiral nanoceramics . Adv. Mater. , 2020 . 32 1906738 DOI:10.1002/adma.201906738http://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201906738 .

L. Xiao , 等 . Novel properties and applications of chiral inorganic nanostructures . Nano Today , 2020 . 30 100824 DOI:10.1016/j.nantod.2019.100824http://doi.org/10.1016/j.nantod.2019.100824 .

Y. Ru , 等 . Recent advances in chiral carbonized polymer dots: from synthesis and properties to applications . Nano Today , 2020 . 34 100953 DOI:10.1016/j.nantod.2020.100953http://doi.org/10.1016/j.nantod.2020.100953 .

H. Y. Zhang , 等 . Engineering of chiral nanomaterials for biomimetic catalysis . Chem. Sci. , 2020 . 11 12937 -12954 . DOI:10.1039/D0SC03245Jhttp://doi.org/10.1039/D0SC03245J .

Y. D. Guan , 等 . Chiral plasmonic metamaterials with tunable chirality . ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces , 2020 . 12 50192 -50202 . DOI:10.1021/acsami.0c15955http://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.0c15955 .

J. Yan , 等 . Self-assembly of chiral nanoparticles into semiconductor helices with tunable near-infrared optical activity . Chem. Mater. , 2020 . 32 476 -488 . DOI:10.1021/acs.chemmater.9b04143http://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.9b04143 .

J. Lu , Y. Xue , N. A. Kotov . Emerging trends in chiral inorganic nanostructures . Isr. J. Chem. , 2021 . 61 851 -862 . DOI:10.1002/ijch.202100076http://doi.org/10.1002/ijch.202100076 .

J. W. Lv , 等 . Self-assembled inorganic chiral superstructures . Nat. Rev. Chem. , 2022 . 6 125 -145 . DOI:10.1038/s41570-021-00350-whttp://doi.org/10.1038/s41570-021-00350-w .

G. C. Zheng , 等 . Discrete metal nanoparticles with plasmonic chirality . Chem. Soc. Rev. , 2021 . 50 3738 -3754 . DOI:10.1039/C9CS00765Bhttp://doi.org/10.1039/C9CS00765B .

H. E. Lee , 等 . Amino-acid- and peptide-directed synthesis of chiral plasmonic gold nanoparticles . Nature , 2018 . 556 360 -365 . DOI:10.1038/s41586-018-0034-1http://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0034-1 .

W. F. Jiang , 等 . Emergence of complexity in hierarchically organized chiral particles . Science , 2020 . 368 642 -648 . DOI:10.1126/science.aaz7949http://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaz7949 .

W. G. Jiang , 等 . Homochirality in biomineral suprastructures induced by assembly of single-enantiomer amino acids from a nonracemic mixture . Nat. Commun. , 2019 . 10 2318 DOI:10.1038/s41467-019-10383-xhttp://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-10383-x .

W. G. Jiang , 等 . Chiral switching in biomineral suprastructures induced by homochiral L-amino acid . Sci. Adv. , 2018 . 4 DOI:10.1126/sciadv.aas9819http://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aas9819 .

G. González-Rubio , 等 . Micelle-directed chiral seeded growth on anisotropic gold nanocrystals . Science , 2020 . 368 1472 -1477 . DOI:10.1126/science.aba0980http://doi.org/10.1126/science.aba0980 .

X. Lan , 等 . Au nanorod helical superstructures with designed chirality . J. Am. Chem. Soc. , 2015 . 137 457 -462 . DOI:10.1021/ja511333qhttp://doi.org/10.1021/ja511333q .

A. Kuzyk , 等 . DNA-based self-assembly of chiral plasmonic nanostructures with tailored optical response . Nature , 2012 . 483 311 -314 . DOI:10.1038/nature10889http://doi.org/10.1038/nature10889 .

J. J. Zhu , 等 . Strong light-matter interactions in chiral plasmonic-excitonic systems assembled on DNA origami . Nano Lett. , 2021 . 21 3573 -3580 . DOI:10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c00596http://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c00596 .

A. Kuzyk , 等 . Reconfigurable 3D plasmonic metamolecules . Nat. Mater. , 2014 . 13 862 -866 . DOI:10.1038/nmat4031http://doi.org/10.1038/nmat4031 .

A. D. Merg , 等 . Peptide-directed assembly of single-helical gold nanoparticle superstructures exhibiting intense chiroptical activity . J. Am. Chem. Soc. , 2016 . 138 13655 -13663 . DOI:10.1021/jacs.6b07322http://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.6b07322 .

Q. F. Zhang , 等 . Unraveling the origin of chirality from plasmonic nanoparticle-protein complexes . Science , 2019 . 365 1475 -1478 . DOI:10.1126/science.aax5415http://doi.org/10.1126/science.aax5415 .

Y. R. He , 等 . Circularly polarized luminescent self-organized helical superstructures: from materials and stimulus-responsiveness to applications . Aggregate , 2021 . 2 .

D. P. N. Gonçalves , 等 . Recent progress at the interface between nanomaterial chirality and liquid crystals . Liq. Cryst. Rev. , 2021 . 9 1 -34 . DOI:10.1080/21680396.2021.1930596http://doi.org/10.1080/21680396.2021.1930596 .

G. Q. Cheng , 等 . Chiral self-assembly of nanoparticles induced by polymers synthesized via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization . ACS Nano , 2019 . 13 1479 -1489. .

X. M. Lu , 等 . Chiral arrangements of Au nanoparticles with prescribed handedness templated by helical pores in block copolymer films . Macromolecules , 2017 . 50 5293 -5300 . DOI:10.1021/acs.macromol.7b01364http://doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.7b01364 .

P. T. Chiu , 等 . Gold nanohelices for chiral plasmonic films by templated electroless plating . Adv. Optical Mater. , 2021 . 9 2002133 DOI:10.1002/adom.202002133http://doi.org/10.1002/adom.202002133 .

S. W. Huo , 等 . Self-assembled luminescent quantum dots to generate full-color and white circularly polarized light . Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. , 2017 . 56 12174 -12178 . DOI:10.1002/anie.201706308http://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201706308 .

A. Z. Li , 等 . Chirality transfer in carbon dot-composited sol-gel systems for excitation-dependent circularly polarized luminescence . Langmuir , 2020 . 36 8965 -8970 . DOI:10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c01513http://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c01513 .

Y. H. Shi , 等 . Endowing perovskite nanocrystals with circularly polarized luminescence . Adv. Mater. , 2018 . 30 1705011 DOI:10.1002/adma.201705011http://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201705011 .

X. Jin , 等 . Optically active upconverting nanoparticles with induced circularly polarized luminescence and enantioselectively triggered photopolymerization . ACS Nano , 2019 . 13 2804 -2811 . DOI:10.1021/acsnano.8b08273http://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.8b08273 .

S. H. Jung , 等 . Chiral arrangement of achiral Au nanoparticles by supramolecular assembly of helical nanofiber templates . J. Am. Chem. Soc. , 2014 . 136 6446 -6452 . DOI:10.1021/ja5018199http://doi.org/10.1021/ja5018199 .

Y. W. Li , 等 . Chiral transition metal oxides: synthesis, chiral origins, and perspectives . Adv. Mater. , 2020 . 32 1905585 DOI:10.1002/adma.201905585http://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201905585 .

G. Albano , G. Pescitelli , L. Di Bari . Chiroptical properties in thin films of π-conjugated systems . Chem. Rev. , 2020 . 120 10145 -10243 . DOI:10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00195http://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00195 .

S. Maniappan , A. B. Jadhav , J. Kumar . Template assisted generation of chiral luminescence in organic fluorophores . Front. Chem. , 2021 . 8 557650 DOI:10.3389/fchem.2020.557650http://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2020.557650 .

S. Lee , 等 . Controlled assembly of plasmonic nanoparticles: from static to dynamic nanostructures . Adv. Mater. , 2021 . 33 2007668 DOI:10.1002/adma.202007668http://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202007668 .

E. S. A. Goerlitzer , 等 . The beginner's guide to chiral plasmonics: mostly harmless theory and the design of large-area substrates . Adv. Optical Mater. , 2021 . 9 2100378 DOI:10.1002/adom.202100378http://doi.org/10.1002/adom.202100378 .

Y. Luo , 等 . Plasmonic chiral nanostructures: chiroptical effects and applications . Adv. Optical Mater. , 2017 . 5 1700040 DOI:10.1002/adom.201700040http://doi.org/10.1002/adom.201700040 .

D. Vila-Liarte , N. A. Kotov , L. M. Liz-Marzán . Template-assisted self-assembly of achiral plasmonic nanoparticles into chiral structures . Chem. Sci. , 2022 . 13 595 -610 . DOI:10.1039/D1SC03327Ahttp://doi.org/10.1039/D1SC03327A .

W. B. Wu , M. Pauly . Chiral plasmonic nanostructures: recent advances in their synthesis and applications . Mater. Adv. , 2022 . 3 186 -215 . DOI:10.1039/D1MA00915Jhttp://doi.org/10.1039/D1MA00915J .

Hentschel, M. et al. Chiral plasmonics. Sci. Adv. 3, e1602735 (2017).

M. J. Urban , 等 . Chiral plasmonic nanostructures enabled by bottom-up approaches . Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. , 2019 . 70 275 -299 . DOI:10.1146/annurev-physchem-050317-021332http://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-physchem-050317-021332 .

M. Matuschek , 等 . Chiral plasmonic hydrogen sensors . Small , 2018 . 14 1702990 DOI:10.1002/smll.201702990http://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201702990 .

Y. Y. Lee , 等 . Plasmonic metamaterials for chiral sensing applications . Nanoscale , 2020 . 12 58 -66 . DOI:10.1039/C9NR08433Ahttp://doi.org/10.1039/C9NR08433A .

Y. Zhao , 等 . Chirality detection of enantiomers using twisted optical metamaterials . Nat. Commun. , 2017 . 8 14180 DOI:10.1038/ncomms14180http://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms14180 .

M. Rodier , 等 . Biomacromolecular charge chirality detected using chiral plasmonic nanostructures . Nanoscale Horiz. , 2020 . 5 336 -344 . DOI:10.1039/C9NH00525Khttp://doi.org/10.1039/C9NH00525K .

W. Li , 等 . Circularly polarized light detection with hot electrons in chiral plasmonic metamaterials . Nat. Commun. , 2015 . 6 8379 DOI:10.1038/ncomms9379http://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms9379 .

Z. X. Liu , 等 . Enantiomeric discrimination by surface-enhanced Raman scattering-chiral anisotropy of chiral nanostructured gold films . Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. , 2020 . 59 15226 -15231 . DOI:10.1002/anie.202006486http://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202006486 .

Y. J. Zhang , 等 . Plasmonic core–shell nanomaterials and their applications in spectroscopies . Adv. Mater. , 2021 . 33 2005900 DOI:10.1002/adma.202005900http://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202005900 .

D. D. Wen , 等 . Helicity multiplexed broadband metasurface holograms . Nat. Commun. , 2015 . 6 8241 DOI:10.1038/ncomms9241http://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms9241 .

G. X. Zheng , 等 . Metasurface holograms reaching 80% efficiency . Nat. Nanotechnol. , 2015 . 10 308 -312 . DOI:10.1038/nnano.2015.2http://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2015.2 .

Jiang, S. & Kotov, N. A. Circular polarized light emission in chiral inorganic nanomaterials. Adv. Mater. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202108431https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202108431 (2022).

D. X. Han , 等 . Endowing inorganic nanomaterials with circularly polarized luminescence . Aggregate , 2022 . 3 .

X. F. Yang , 等 . Circularly polarized luminescence in chiral nematic liquid crystals: generation and amplification . Mater. Chem. Front. , 2021 . 5 4821 -4832 . DOI:10.1039/D1QM00335Fhttp://doi.org/10.1039/D1QM00335F .

W. J. Chen , 等 . Circularly polarized luminescence of nanoassemblies via multi-dimensional chiral architecture control . Nanoscale , 2020 . 12 19497 -19515 . DOI:10.1039/D0NR04239Khttp://doi.org/10.1039/D0NR04239K .

Z. L. Gong , 等 . Frontiers in circularly polarized luminescence: molecular design, self-assembly, nanomaterials, and applications . Sci. China Chem. , 2021 . 64 2060 -2104 . DOI:10.1007/s11426-021-1146-6http://doi.org/10.1007/s11426-021-1146-6 .

P. Stachelek , 等 . Circularly polarised luminescence laser scanning confocal microscopy to study live cell chiral molecular interactions . Nat. Commun. , 2022 . 13 553 DOI:10.1038/s41467-022-28220-zhttp://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-28220-z .

X. Q. Zhan , 等 . 3D laser displays based on circularly polarized lasing from cholesteric liquid crystal arrays . Adv. Mater. , 2021 . 33 2104418 DOI:10.1002/adma.202104418http://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202104418 .

Y. H. Kim , 等 . Chiral-induced spin selectivity enables a room-temperature spin light-emitting diode . Science , 2021 . 371 1129 -1133 . DOI:10.1126/science.abf5291http://doi.org/10.1126/science.abf5291 .

H. Al-Bustami , 等 . Optical multilevel spin bit device using chiral quantum dots . Nano Lett. , 2020 . 20 8675 -8681 . DOI:10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c03445http://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c03445 .

D. X. Han , 等 . Sequentially amplified circularly polarized ultraviolet luminescence for enantioselective photopolymerization . Nat. Commun. , 2020 . 11 5659 DOI:10.1038/s41467-020-19479-1http://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-19479-1 .

L. E. MacKenzie , R. Pal . Circularly polarized lanthanide luminescence for advanced security inks . Nat. Rev. Chem. , 2021 . 5 109 -124 . DOI:10.1038/s41570-020-00235-4http://doi.org/10.1038/s41570-020-00235-4 .

M. C. Xu , 等 . Assembling semiconductor quantum dots in hierarchical photonic cellulose nanocrystal films: circularly polarized luminescent nanomaterials as optical coding labels . J. Mater. Chem. C. , 2019 . 7 13794 -13802 . DOI:10.1039/C9TC04144Chttp://doi.org/10.1039/C9TC04144C .

R. C. Lan , 等 . Near-infrared photodriven self-sustained oscillation of liquid-crystalline network film with predesignated polydopamine coating . Adv. Mater. , 2020 . 32 1906319 DOI:10.1002/adma.201906319http://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201906319 .

L. L. Zhang , 等 . Dynamic orthogonal switching of a thermoresponsive self-organized helical superstructure . Adv. Mater. , 2017 . 29 1700676 DOI:10.1002/adma.201700676http://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201700676 .

K. G. Gutierrez-Cuevas , 等 . Frequency-driven self-organized helical superstructures loaded with mesogen-grafted silica nanoparticles . Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. , 2016 . 55 13090 -13094 . DOI:10.1002/anie.201606895http://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201606895 .

L. Wang , Q. Li . Photochromism into nanosystems: towards lighting up the future nanoworld . Chem. Soc. Rev. , 2018 . 47 1044 -1097 . DOI:10.1039/C7CS00630Fhttp://doi.org/10.1039/C7CS00630F .

H. K. Bisoyi , Q. Li . Light-directed dynamic chirality inversion in functional self-organized helical superstructures . Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. , 2016 . 55 2994 -3010 . DOI:10.1002/anie.201505520http://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201505520 .

H. K. Bisoyi , Q. Li . Light-driven liquid crystalline materials: from photo-induced phase transitions and property modulations to applications . Chem. Rev. , 2016 . 116 15089 -15166 . DOI:10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00415http://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00415 .

X. Yang , 等 . Bioinspired light-fueled water-walking soft robots based on liquid crystal network actuators with polymerizable miniaturized gold nanorods . Nano Today , 2022 . 43 101419 DOI:10.1016/j.nantod.2022.101419http://doi.org/10.1016/j.nantod.2022.101419 .

Yang, M. Y. et al. Bioinspired phototropic MXene-reinforced soft tubular actuators for omnidirectional light-tracking and adaptive photovoltaics. Adv. Funct. Mater. 32, 2201884 (2022).

J. Z. Ma , 等 . Mechanochromic, shape-programmable and self-healable cholesteric liquid crystal elastomers enabled by dynamic covalent boronic ester bonds . Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. , 2022 . 61 .

P. F. Lv , 等 . Stimulus-driven liquid metal and liquid crystal network actuators for programmable soft robotics . Mater. Horiz. , 2021 . 8 2475 -2484 . DOI:10.1039/D1MH00623Ahttp://doi.org/10.1039/D1MH00623A .

Uchida, J. et al. Advanced functional liquid crystals. Adv. Mater. 34, 2109063 (2022).

Bisoyi, H. K. & Li, Q. "Liquid crystals" in Kirk–Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. (John Wiley & Sons, 2014).

S. J. D. Lugger , 等 . Hydrogen-bonded supramolecular liquid crystal polymers: smart materials with stimuli-responsive, self-healing, and recyclable properties . Chem. Rev. , 2022 . 122 4946 -4975 . DOI:10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00330http://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00330 .

J. A. H. P. Sol , 等 . Anisotropic iridescence and polarization patterns in a direct ink written chiral photonic polymer . Adv. Mater. , 2021 . 33 2103309 DOI:10.1002/adma.202103309http://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202103309 .

Li, Q. Intelligent Stimuli-Responsive Materials: From Well-Defined Nanostructures to Applications. (John Wiley & Sons, 2013).

Wang, L. & Li, Q. Light-driven self-organized liquid crystalline nanostructures enabled by chiral molecular switches or motors: from 1D to 3D photonic crystals. in Photoactive Functional Soft Materials: Preparation, Properties, and Applications (ed Li, Q. ) 91–123 (John Wiley & Sons, 2018).

V. Sharma , 等 . Structural origin of circularly polarized iridescence in jeweled beetles . Science , 2009 . 325 449 -451 . DOI:10.1126/science.1172051http://doi.org/10.1126/science.1172051 .

Vignolini, S. et al. Pointillist structural color in Pollia fruit. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. U.S. A. 109, 15712–15715 (2012).

A. Sweeney , C. Jiggins , S. Johnsen . Polarized light as a butterfly mating signal . Nature , 2003 . 423 31 -32 . DOI:10.1038/423031ahttp://doi.org/10.1038/423031a .

J. C. Weaver , 等 . The stomatopod dactyl club: a formidable damage-tolerant biological hammer . Science , 2012 . 336 1275 -1280 . DOI:10.1126/science.1218764http://doi.org/10.1126/science.1218764 .

M. Mitov , 等 . Long-range structuring of nanoparticles by mimicry of a cholesteric liquid crystal . Nat. Mater. , 2002 . 1 229 -231 . DOI:10.1038/nmat772http://doi.org/10.1038/nmat772 .

Y. Z. Yang , 等 . 3D chiral photonic nanostructures based on blue-phase liquid crystals . Small Sci. , 2021 . 1 2100007 DOI:10.1002/smsc.202100007http://doi.org/10.1002/smsc.202100007 .

L. Wang , 等 . Stimuli-directed self-organized chiral superstructures for adaptive windows enabled by mesogen-functionalized graphene . Mater. Today , 2017 . 20 230 -237 . DOI:10.1016/j.mattod.2017.04.028http://doi.org/10.1016/j.mattod.2017.04.028 .

Z. G. Zheng , 等 . Three-dimensional control of the helical axis of a chiral nematic liquid crystal by light . Nature , 2016 . 531 352 -356 . DOI:10.1038/nature17141http://doi.org/10.1038/nature17141 .

L. Wang , Q. Li . Stimuli-directing self-organized 3D liquid-crystalline nanostructures: from materials design to photonic applications . Adv. Funct. Mater. , 2016 . 26 10 -28 . DOI:10.1002/adfm.201502071http://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201502071 .

L. Wang , 等 . Hysteresis-free blue phase liquid-crystal-stabilized by ZnS nanoparticles . Small , 2012 . 8 2189 -2193 . DOI:10.1002/smll.201200052http://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201200052 .

Li, Q. Anisotropic Nanomaterials: Preparation, Properties, and Applications. (Springer, 2015).

M. Wang , 等 . Asymmetric tunable photonic bandgaps in self-organized 3D nanostructure of polymer-stabilized blue phase I modulated by voltage polarity . Adv. Funct. Mater. , 2017 . 27 1702261 DOI:10.1002/adfm.201702261http://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201702261 .

W. Hu , 等 . Ultrastable liquid crystalline blue phase from molecular synergistic self-assembly . Nat. Commun. , 2021 . 12 1440 DOI:10.1038/s41467-021-21564-yhttp://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-21564-y .

Y. Z. Yang , 等 . Bioinspired color-changing photonic polymer coatings based on three-dimensional blue phase liquid crystal networks . ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces , 2021 . 13 41102 -41111 . DOI:10.1021/acsami.1c11711http://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.1c11711 .

Li, Q. Liquid Crystals Beyond Displays: Chemistry, Physics, and Applications. (John Wiley & Sons, 2012).

Li, Q. Functional Organic and Hybrid Nanostructured Materials: Fabrication, Properties, and Applications. (John Wiley & Sons, 2018).

Wang, L. & Li, Q. Photochromic organic and hybrid self-organized nanostructured materials: from design to applications. in Functional Organic and Hybrid Nanostructured Materials: Fabrication, Properties, and Applications, (ed Li, Q. ) 75–112 (John Wiley & Sons, 2018).

Wang, L. & Li, Q. Stimuli-responsive self-organized liquid crystalline nanostructures: from 1D to 3D photonic crystals. in Organic and Hybrid Photonic Crystals. 393–430 (ed Comoretto, D. ) (pringer, 2015).

Wang, L., Gutierrez-Cuevas, K. G. & Li, Q. Photochromic chiral liquid crystals for light sensing. in Liquid Crystal Sensors. (eds Schenning, A. P. H. J., Crawford, G. P., & Broer, D. J. ) 33–62 (CRC Press, 2017).

Li, Q. Photoactive Functional Soft Materials: Preparation, Properties, and Applications. (John Wiley & Sons, 2018).

N. S. S. Nizar , 等 . Emergent chiroptical properties in supramolecular and plasmonic assemblies . Chem. Soc. Rev. , 2021 . 50 11208 -11226 . DOI:10.1039/D0CS01583Khttp://doi.org/10.1039/D0CS01583K .

J. T. Collins , 等 . Chirality and chiroptical effects in metal nanostructures: fundamentals and current trends . Adv. Optical Mater. , 2017 . 5 1700182 DOI:10.1002/adom.201700182http://doi.org/10.1002/adom.201700182 .

J. Mun , 等 . Electromagnetic chirality: from fundamentals to nontraditional chiroptical phenomena . Light.: Sci. Appl. , 2020 . 9 139 DOI:10.1038/s41377-020-00367-8http://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-020-00367-8 .

Y. Chen , 等 . Multidimensional nanoscopic chiroptics . Nat. Rev. Phys. , 2022 . 4 113 -124 . DOI:10.1038/s42254-021-00391-6http://doi.org/10.1038/s42254-021-00391-6 .

L. G. Xu , 等 . Enantiomer-dependent immunological response to chiral nanoparticles . Nature , 2022 . 601 366 -373 . DOI:10.1038/s41586-021-04243-2http://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-04243-2 .

Stutzman, W. L. Polarization in Electromagnetic Systems. 2nd edn. (Artech House, 2018).

Y. T. Sang , 等 . Circularly polarized luminescence in nanoassemblies: generation, amplification, and application . Adv. Mater. , 2020 . 32 1900110 DOI:10.1002/adma.201900110http://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201900110 .

C. Zhang , 等 . Circularly polarized luminescence of agglomerate emitters . Aggregate , 2021 . 2 DOI:10.1002/agt2.10http://doi.org/10.1002/agt2.10 .

P. C. Lin , 等 . Techniques for physicochemical characterization of nanomaterials . Biotechnol. Adv. , 2014 . 32 711 -726 . DOI:10.1016/j.biotechadv.2013.11.006http://doi.org/10.1016/j.biotechadv.2013.11.006 .

M. R. Craig , 等 . The chiroptical properties of a thermally annealed film of chiral substituted polyfluorene depend on film thickness . Adv. Mater. , 2003 . 15 1435 -1438 . DOI:10.1002/adma.200305243http://doi.org/10.1002/adma.200305243 .

M. Schulz , 等 . Giant intrinsic circular dichroism of prolinol-derived squaraine thin films . Nat. Commun. , 2018 . 9 2413 DOI:10.1038/s41467-018-04811-7http://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-04811-7 .

H. Goto . Cholesteric liquid crystal inductive asymmetric polymerization: synthesis of chiral polythiophene derivatives from achiral monomers in a cholesteric liquid crystal . Macromolecules , 2007 . 40 1377 -1385 . DOI:10.1021/ma062296khttp://doi.org/10.1021/ma062296k .

J. Lu , 等 . Enhanced optical asymmetry in supramolecular chiroplasmonic assemblies with long-range order . Science , 2021 . 371 1368 -1374 . DOI:10.1126/science.abd8576http://doi.org/10.1126/science.abd8576 .

B. A. San Jose , J. L. Yan , K. Akagi . Dynamic switching of the circularly polarized luminescence of disubstituted polyacetylene by selective transmission through a thermotropic chiral nematic liquid crystal . Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. , 2014 . 53 10641 -10644 . DOI:10.1002/anie.201404250http://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201404250 .

H. Q. Shi , 等 . Circularly polarized fluorescence from chiral nematic liquid crystalline films: theory and experiment . Liq. Cryst. , 1998 . 24 163 -172 . DOI:10.1080/026782998207334http://doi.org/10.1080/026782998207334 .

S. H. Chen , 等 . Circularly polarized light generated by photoexcitation of luminophores in glassy liquid-crystal films . Nature , 1999 . 397 506 -508 . DOI:10.1038/17343http://doi.org/10.1038/17343 .

C. X. Li , 等 . Signal transmission encryption based on dye-doped chiral liquid crystals via tunable and efficient circularly polarized luminescence . Mater. Adv. , 2021 . 2 3851 -3855 . DOI:10.1039/D1MA00368Bhttp://doi.org/10.1039/D1MA00368B .

M. Baral , 等 . Conjunctive photoluminescence enhancement through plasmonic and photonic band-gap pathways in a chiral self-assembled system . ChemPhotoChem , 2020 . 4 582 -591 . DOI:10.1002/cptc.202000077http://doi.org/10.1002/cptc.202000077 .

R. Xiong , 等 . Biopolymeric photonic structures: design, fabrication, and emerging applications . Chem. Soc. Rev. , 2020 . 49 983 -1031 . DOI:10.1039/C8CS01007Bhttp://doi.org/10.1039/C8CS01007B .

T. H. Wu , 等 . A bio-inspired cellulose nanocrystal-based nanocomposite photonic film with hyper-reflection and humidity-responsive actuator properties . J. Mater. Chem. C. , 2016 . 4 9687 -9696 . DOI:10.1039/C6TC02629Jhttp://doi.org/10.1039/C6TC02629J .

S. N. Fernandes , 等 . Mind the microgap in iridescent cellulose nanocrystal films . Adv. Mater. , 2017 . 29 1603560 DOI:10.1002/adma.201603560http://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201603560 .

A. Matranga , 等 . Biomimetic reflectors fabricated using self-organising, self-aligning liquid crystal polymers . Adv. Mater. , 2013 . 25 520 -523 . DOI:10.1002/adma.201203182http://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201203182 .

M. Mitov , N. Dessaud . Going beyond the reflectance limit of cholesteric liquid crystals . Nat. Mater. , 2006 . 5 361 -364 . DOI:10.1038/nmat1619http://doi.org/10.1038/nmat1619 .

J. B. Guo , 等 . Effect of network concentration on the performance of polymer-stabilized cholesteric liquid crystals with a double-handed circularly polarized light reflection band . J. Phys. Chem. C. , 2009 . 113 16538 -16543 . DOI:10.1021/jp903394rhttp://doi.org/10.1021/jp903394r .

J. B. Guo , 等 . Polymer stabilized liquid crystal films reflecting both right- and left-circularly polarized light . Appl. Phys. Lett. , 2008 . 93 201901 DOI:10.1063/1.3003869http://doi.org/10.1063/1.3003869 .

Z. Jakšić , 等 . Negative refractive index metasurfaces for enhanced biosensing . Materials , 2011 . 4 1 -36 . DOI:10.3390/ma4010001http://doi.org/10.3390/ma4010001 .

J. R. Mejía-Salazar , O. N. Jr. Oliveira . Plasmonic biosensing: focus review . Chem. Rev. , 2018 . 118 10617 -10625 . DOI:10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00359http://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00359 .

M. J. Wang , 等 . Plasmonic helical nanoantenna as a converter between longitudinal fields and circularly polarized waves . Nano Lett. , 2021 . 21 3410 -3417 . DOI:10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c04948http://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c04948 .

X. Q. Wei , 等 . Enantioselective photoinduced cyclodimerization of a prochiral anthracene derivative adsorbed on helical metal nanostructures . Nat. Chem. , 2020 . 12 551 -559 . DOI:10.1038/s41557-020-0453-0http://doi.org/10.1038/s41557-020-0453-0 .

Xue, C. M. & Li, Q. "Gold nanorods" in Encyclopedia of Surface and Colloid Science. 3th edn. (ed. Somasundaran, P. ) (CRC Press, 2015).

Xue, C. M. & Li, Q. Anisotropic gold nanoparticles: preparation, properties, and applications. in Anisotropic Nanomaterials: Preparation, Properties, and Applications. 69–118 (ed Li, Q. ) (Springer, 2015).

Bisoyi, H. K. & Li, Q. Liquid crystalline anisotropic nanoparticles: from metallic and semiconducting nanoparticles to carbon nanomaterials. in Anisotropic Nanomaterials: Preparation, Properties, and Applications (ed Li, Q. ) 209–240 (Springer, 2015).

Xue, C. M. & Li, Q. Liquid crystal-gold nanoparticle hybrid materials. in Nanoscience with Liquid Crystals: From Self-Organized Nanostructures to Applications (ed Li, Q. ) 101–134 (Springer, 2014).

Xue, C. M. & Li, Q. Stimuli-responsive smart organic hybrid metal nanoparticles. in Intelligent Stimuli-Responsive Materials: From Well-Defined Nanostructures to Applications (ed Li, Q. ) (John Wiley & Sons, 2013).

J. K. Gansel , 等 . Gold helix photonic metamaterial as broadband circular polarizer . Science , 2009 . 325 1513 -1515 . DOI:10.1126/science.1177031http://doi.org/10.1126/science.1177031 .

M. Esposito , 等 . Triple-helical nanowires by tomographic rotatory growth for chiral photonics . Nat. Commun. , 2015 . 6 6484 DOI:10.1038/ncomms7484http://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms7484 .

Z. G. Liu , 等 . Nano-kirigami with giant optical chirality . Sci. Adv. , 2018 . 4 DOI:10.1126/sciadv.aat4436http://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aat4436 .

M. Rajaei , 等 . Giant circular dichroism at visible frequencies enabled by plasmonic ramp-shaped nanostructures . ACS Photon. , 2019 . 6 924 -931 . DOI:10.1021/acsphotonics.8b01584http://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.8b01584 .

S. L. Burkett , S. Mann . Spatial organization and patterning of gold nanoparticles on self-assembled biolipid tubular templates . Chem. Commun. , 1996 . 3 321 -322 . DOI:10.1039/cc9960000321http://doi.org/10.1039/cc9960000321 .

J. Sharma , 等 . Control of self-assembly of DNA tubules through integration of gold nanoparticles . Science , 2009 . 323 112 -116 . DOI:10.1126/science.1165831http://doi.org/10.1126/science.1165831 .

C. L. Chen , P. J. Zhang , N. L. Rosi . A new peptide-based method for the design and synthesis of nanoparticle superstructures: construction of highly ordered gold nanoparticle double helices . J. Am. Chem. Soc. , 2008 . 130 13555 -13557 . DOI:10.1021/ja805683rhttp://doi.org/10.1021/ja805683r .

S. Mokashi-Punekar , A. D. Merg , N. L. Rosi . Systematic adjustment of pitch and particle dimensions within a family of chiral plasmonic gold nanoparticle single helices . J. Am. Chem. Soc. , 2017 . 139 15043 -15048 . DOI:10.1021/jacs.7b07143http://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.7b07143 .

C. Y. Song , 等 . Tailorable plasmonic circular dichroism properties of helical nanoparticle superstructures . Nano Lett. , 2013 . 13 3256 -3261 . DOI:10.1021/nl4013776http://doi.org/10.1021/nl4013776 .

M. J. Zhang , 等 . Amplifying inorganic chirality using liquid crystals . Nanoscale , 2022 . 14 592 -601 . DOI:10.1039/D1NR06036Hhttp://doi.org/10.1039/D1NR06036H .

K. G. Gutierrez-Cuevas , 等 . Near infrared light-driven liquid crystal phase transition enabled by hydrophobic mesogen grafted plasmonic gold nanorods . Chem. Commun. , 2015 . 51 9845 -9848 . DOI:10.1039/C5CC02127Hhttp://doi.org/10.1039/C5CC02127H .

L. Wang , 等 . Near-infrared light-directed handedness inversion in plasmonic nanorod-embedded helical superstructure . Adv. Optical Mater. , 2016 . 4 247 -251 . DOI:10.1002/adom.201500533http://doi.org/10.1002/adom.201500533 .

L. Wang , 等 . NIR light-directing self-organized 3D photonic superstructures loaded with anisotropic plasmonic hybrid nanorods . Chem. Commun. , 2015 . 51 15039 -15042 . DOI:10.1039/C5CC06146Fhttp://doi.org/10.1039/C5CC06146F .

Li, Q. Nanoscience with Liquid Crystals: From Self-Organized Nanostructures to Applications. (Springer, 2014).

H. K. Bisoyi , Q. Li . Liquid crystals: versatile self-organized smart soft materials . Chem. Rev. , 2022 . 122 4887 -4926 . DOI:10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00761http://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00761 .

L. Wang , 等 . Bowlics: history, advances and applications . Liq. Cryst. Today , 2017 . 26 85 -111 . DOI:10.1080/1358314X.2017.1398307http://doi.org/10.1080/1358314X.2017.1398307 .

H. K. Bisoyi , Q. Li . Stimuli directed alignment of self-organized one-dimensional semiconducting columnar liquid crystal nanostructures for organic electronics . Prog. Mater. Sci. , 2019 . 104 1 -52 . DOI:10.1016/j.pmatsci.2019.03.005http://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmatsci.2019.03.005 .

I. Dierking . Chiral liquid crystals: structures, phases, effects . Symmetry , 2014 . 6 444 -472 . DOI:10.3390/sym6020444http://doi.org/10.3390/sym6020444 .

J. Liu , 等 . Diffusionless transformation of soft cubic superstructure from amorphous to simple cubic and body-centered cubic phases . Nat. Commun. , 2021 . 12 3477 DOI:10.1038/s41467-021-23631-whttp://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-23631-w .

M. Mitov , C. Bourgerette , F. De Guerville . Fingerprint patterning of solid nanoparticles embedded in a cholesteric liquid crystal . J. Phys. Condens. Matter , 2004 . 16 DOI:10.1088/0953-8984/16/19/010http://doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/16/19/010 .

J. Dintinger , 等 . A self-organized anisotropic liquid-crystal plasmonic metamaterial . Adv. Mater. , 2013 . 25 1999 -2004 . DOI:10.1002/adma.201203965http://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201203965 .

X. B. Zeng , 等 . 3D ordered gold strings by coating nanoparticles with mesogens . Adv. Mater. , 2009 . 21 1746 -1750 . DOI:10.1002/adma.200803403http://doi.org/10.1002/adma.200803403 .

S. Mokashi-Punekar , 等 . Construction of chiral, helical nanoparticle superstructures: progress and prospects . Adv. Mater. , 2020 . 32 1905975 DOI:10.1002/adma.201905975http://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201905975 .

L. Wang . Self-activating liquid crystal devices for smart laser protection . Liq. Cryst. , 2016 . 43 2062 -2078 . DOI:10.1080/02678292.2016.1196506http://doi.org/10.1080/02678292.2016.1196506 .

B. Atorf , 等 . Liquid crystals and precious metal: from nanoparticle dispersions to functional plasmonic nanostructures . Liq. Cryst. , 2017 . 44 1929 -1947. .

H. N. Yu , 等 . Chirality enhancement in macro-chiral liquid crystal nanoparticles . Mater. Horiz. , 2020 . 7 3021 -3027 . DOI:10.1039/D0MH01274Bhttp://doi.org/10.1039/D0MH01274B .

R. Bitar , G. Agez , M. Mitov . Cholesteric liquid crystal self-organization of gold nanoparticles . Soft Matter , 2011 . 7 8198 -8206 . DOI:10.1039/c1sm05628jhttp://doi.org/10.1039/c1sm05628j .

M. Bagiński , 等 . Dynamic self-assembly of nanoparticles using thermotropic liquid crystals . Liq. Cryst. , 2016 . 43 2391 -2409 . DOI:10.1080/02678292.2016.1225834http://doi.org/10.1080/02678292.2016.1225834 .

L. Cseh , 等 . Helically twisted chiral arrays of gold nanoparticles coated with a cholesterol mesogen . J. Am. Chem. Soc. , 2015 . 137 12736 -12739 . DOI:10.1021/jacs.5b05059http://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.5b05059 .

H. N. Yu , 等 . Two helices from one chiral centre-self organization of disc shaped chiral nanoparticles . Chem. Sci. , 2021 . 12 1778 -1782 . DOI:10.1039/D0SC05100Dhttp://doi.org/10.1039/D0SC05100D .

S. A. Bhat , 等 . Chiral plasmonic liquid crystal gold nanoparticles: self-assembly into a circular dichroism responsive helical lamellar superstructure . Nanoscale Adv. , 2021 . 3 2269 -2279 . DOI:10.1039/D0NA01070Ghttp://doi.org/10.1039/D0NA01070G .

A. Bhardwaj , 等 . Photo-tunable epsilon-near-zero behavior in a self-assembled liquid crystal – nanoparticle hybrid material . Nanoscale Adv. , 2021 . 3 2508 -2515 . DOI:10.1039/D0NA01039Ahttp://doi.org/10.1039/D0NA01039A .

Q. Xia , 等 . Direct visualization of chiral amplification of chiral aggregation induced emission molecules in nematic liquid crystals . ACS Nano , 2021 . 15 4956 -4966 . DOI:10.1021/acsnano.0c09802http://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.0c09802 .

D. J. Meng , 等 . Constructing chiral gold nanorod oligomers using a spatially separated sergeants-and-soldiers effect . Nanoscale , 2021 . 13 9678 -9685 . DOI:10.1039/D1NR01458Ghttp://doi.org/10.1039/D1NR01458G .

L. J. Prins , P. Timmerman , D. N. Reinhoudt . Amplification of chirality: the "sergeants and soldiers" principle applied to dynamic hydrogen-bonded assemblies . J. Am. Chem. Soc. , 2001 . 123 10153 -10163 . DOI:10.1021/ja010610ehttp://doi.org/10.1021/ja010610e .

R. Y. Wang , 等 . Experimental observation of giant chiroptical amplification of small chiral molecules by gold nanosphere clusters . J. Phys. Chem. C. , 2014 . 118 9690 -9695 . DOI:10.1021/jp5025813http://doi.org/10.1021/jp5025813 .

B. M. Maoz , 等 . Amplification of chiroptical activity of chiral biomolecules by surface plasmons . Nano Lett. , 2013 . 13 1203 -1209 . DOI:10.1021/nl304638ahttp://doi.org/10.1021/nl304638a .

K. Fu , 等 . Amplifying the excited state chirality through self-assembly and subsequent enhancement via plasmonic silver nanowires . Nanoscale , 2020 . 12 19760 -19767 . DOI:10.1039/D0NR04510Ahttp://doi.org/10.1039/D0NR04510A .

S. O. Pour , 等 . Through-space transfer of chiral information mediated by a plasmonic nanomaterial . Nat. Chem. , 2015 . 7 591 -596 . DOI:10.1038/nchem.2280http://doi.org/10.1038/nchem.2280 .

A. Guerrero-Martínez , 等 . From individual to collective chirality in metal nanoparticles . Nano Today , 2011 . 6 381 -400 . DOI:10.1016/j.nantod.2011.06.003http://doi.org/10.1016/j.nantod.2011.06.003 .

A. Guerrero-Martinez , 等 . Intense optical activity from three-dimensional chiral ordering of plasmonic nanoantennas . Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. , 2011 . 50 5499 -5503 . DOI:10.1002/anie.201007536http://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201007536 .

K. Perera , 等 . Converging microlens array using nematic liquid crystals doped with chiral nanoparticles . ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces , 2021 . 13 4574 -4582 . DOI:10.1021/acsami.0c21044http://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.0c21044 .

K. V. Le , H. Takezoe , F. Araoka . Chiral superstructure mesophases of achiral bent-shaped molecules-hierarchical chirality amplification and physical properties . Adv. Mater. , 2017 . 29 1602737 DOI:10.1002/adma.201602737http://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201602737 .

L. E. Hough , 等 . Chiral isotropic liquids from achiral molecules . Science , 2009 . 325 452 -456 . DOI:10.1126/science.1170028http://doi.org/10.1126/science.1170028 .

C. Tschierske . Development of structural complexity by liquid-crystal self-assembly . Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. , 2013 . 52 8828 -8878 . DOI:10.1002/anie.201300872http://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201300872 .

W. Lewandowski , 等 . Dynamically self-assembled silver nanoparticles as a thermally tunable metamaterial . Nat. Commun. , 2015 . 6 6590 DOI:10.1038/ncomms7590http://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms7590 .

W. Lewandowski , M. Wójcik , E. Górecka . Metal nanoparticles with liquid-crystalline ligands: controlling nanoparticle superlattice structure and properties . ChemPhysChem , 2014 . 15 1283 -1295 . DOI:10.1002/cphc.201301194http://doi.org/10.1002/cphc.201301194 .

M. Wojcik , 等 . Liquid-crystalline phases made of gold nanoparticles . Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. , 2009 . 48 5167 -5169 . DOI:10.1002/anie.200901206http://doi.org/10.1002/anie.200901206 .

Takezoe, H. & Eremin, A. Bent-Shaped Liquid Crystals: Structures and Physical Properties. (CRC Press, 2017).

M. Bagiński , 等 . Shaping liquid crystals with gold nanoparticles: helical assemblies with tunable and hierarchical structures via thin-film cooperative interactions . Adv. Mater. , 2020 . 32 1904581 DOI:10.1002/adma.201904581http://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201904581 .

P. Szustakiewicz , 等 . Supramolecular chirality synchronization in thin films of plasmonic nanocomposites . ACS Nano , 2020 . 14 12918 -12928 . DOI:10.1021/acsnano.0c03964http://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.0c03964 .

D. Grzelak , 等 . Liquid crystal templated chiral plasmonic films with dynamic tunability and moldability . Adv. Funct. Mater. , 2022 . 32 2111280 DOI:10.1002/adfm.202111280http://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202111280 .

I. Dierking , A. M. F. Neto . Novel trends in lyotropic liquid crystals . Crystals , 2020 . 10 604 DOI:10.3390/cryst10070604http://doi.org/10.3390/cryst10070604 .

R. Mezzenga , 等 . Nature-inspired design and application of lipidic lyotropic liquid crystals . Adv. Mater. , 2019 . 31 1900818 DOI:10.1002/adma.201900818http://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201900818 .

M. X. Zeng , 等 . Iridescence in nematics: photonic liquid crystals of nanoplates in absence of long-range periodicity . Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , 2019 . 116 18322 -18327 . DOI:10.1073/pnas.1906511116http://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1906511116 .

Y. Saadat , 等 . Lyotropic liquid crystals as templates for advanced materials . J. Mater. Chem. A , 2021 . 9 21607 -21658 . DOI:10.1039/D1TA02748Dhttp://doi.org/10.1039/D1TA02748D .

A. Shinde , 等 . Growth of colloidal nanoplate liquid crystals using temperature gradients . ACS Nano , 2019 . 13 12461 -12469 . DOI:10.1021/acsnano.9b01573http://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.9b01573 .

M. F. Chen , 等 . Rainbows in a vial: controlled assembly of 2D colloids in two perpendicular external fields . 2D Mater. , 2019 . 6 025031 DOI:10.1088/2053-1583/ab0581http://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1583/ab0581 .

P. F. Lv , 等 . Nanocellulose-based functional materials: from chiral photonics to soft actuator and energy storage . Adv. Funct. Mater. , 2021 . 31 2104991 DOI:10.1002/adfm.202104991http://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202104991 .

A. Chakraborty , 等 . Near-infrared chiral plasmonic microwires through precision assembly of gold nanorods on soft biotemplates . J. Phys. Chem. C. , 2021 . 125 3256 -3267 . DOI:10.1021/acs.jpcc.0c11512http://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.0c11512 .

R. Y. Wang , 等 . Chiral assembly of gold nanorods with collective plasmonic circular dichroism response . Soft Matter , 2011 . 7 8370 -8375 . DOI:10.1039/c1sm05590ahttp://doi.org/10.1039/c1sm05590a .

I. Dierking , S. Al-Zangana . Lyotropic liquid crystal phases from anisotropic nanomaterials . Nanomaterials , 2017 . 7 305 DOI:10.3390/nano7100305http://doi.org/10.3390/nano7100305 .

M. Mitov . Cholesteric liquid crystals in living matter . Soft Matter , 2017 . 13 4176 -4209 . DOI:10.1039/C7SM00384Fhttp://doi.org/10.1039/C7SM00384F .

E. E. Ureña-Benavides , 等 . Rheology and phase behavior of lyotropic cellulose nanocrystal suspensions . Macromolecules , 2011 . 44 8990 -8998 . DOI:10.1021/ma201649fhttp://doi.org/10.1021/ma201649f .

G. R. Meseck , A. S. Terpstra , M. J. MacLachlan . Liquid crystal templating of nanomaterials with nature's toolbox . Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci. , 2017 . 29 9 -20 . DOI:10.1016/j.cocis.2017.01.003http://doi.org/10.1016/j.cocis.2017.01.003 .

K. E. Shopsowitz , 等 . Free-standing mesoporous silica films with tunable chiral nematic structures . Nature , 2010 . 468 422 -425 . DOI:10.1038/nature09540http://doi.org/10.1038/nature09540 .

J. A. Kelly , 等 . The development of chiral nematic mesoporous materials . Acc. Chem. Res. , 2014 . 47 1088 -1096 . DOI:10.1021/ar400243mhttp://doi.org/10.1021/ar400243m .

A. Querejeta-Fernández , 等 . Chiral plasmonic films formed by gold nanorods and cellulose nanocrystals . J. Am. Chem. Soc. , 2014 . 136 4788 -4793 . DOI:10.1021/ja501642phttp://doi.org/10.1021/ja501642p .

A. Querejeta-Fernández , 等 . Circular dichroism of chiral nematic films of cellulose nanocrystals loaded with plasmonic nanoparticles . ACS Nano , 2015 . 9 10377 -10385 . DOI:10.1021/acsnano.5b04552http://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5b04552 .

A. Lukach , 等 . Coassembly of gold nanoparticles and cellulose nanocrystals in composite films . Langmuir , 2015 . 31 5033 -5041 . DOI:10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b00728http://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b00728 .

G. Chu , 等 . Free-standing optically switchable chiral plasmonic photonic crystal based on self-assembled cellulose nanorods and gold nanoparticles . ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces , 2015 . 7 21797 -21806 . DOI:10.1021/acsami.5b05645http://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5b05645 .

Q. K. Liu , 等 . Orientationally ordered colloidal co-dispersions of gold nanorods and cellulose nanocrystals . Adv. Mater. , 2014 . 26 7178 -7184 . DOI:10.1002/adma.201402699http://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201402699 .

M. G. Campbell , 等 . Preparation of nanocomposite plasmonic films made from cellulose nanocrystals or mesoporous silica decorated with unidirectionally aligned gold nanorods . Materials , 2014 . 7 3021 -3033 . DOI:10.3390/ma7043021http://doi.org/10.3390/ma7043021 .

G. Chu , 等 . Optically tunable chiral plasmonic guest–host cellulose films weaved with long-range ordered silver nanowires . ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces , 2015 . 7 11863 -11870 . DOI:10.1021/acsami.5b01478http://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5b01478 .

K. Feng , 等 . Improving homogeneity of iridescent cellulose nanocrystal films by surfactant-assisted spreading self-assembly . ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng. , 2019 . 7 19062 -19071 . DOI:10.1021/acssuschemeng.9b04875http://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.9b04875 .

J. Majoinen , 等 . Chiral plasmonics using twisting along cellulose nanocrystals as a template for gold nanoparticles . Adv. Mater. , 2016 . 28 5262 -5267 . DOI:10.1002/adma.201600940http://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201600940 .

M. Schlesinger , 等 . Chiral nematic cellulose-gold nanoparticle composites from mesoporous photonic cellulose . Chem. Commun. , 2015 . 51 530 -533 . DOI:10.1039/C4CC07596Jhttp://doi.org/10.1039/C4CC07596J .

H. Qi , 等 . Chiral nematic assemblies of silver nanoparticles in mesoporous silica thin films . J. Am. Chem. Soc. , 2011 . 133 3728 -3731 . DOI:10.1021/ja110369dhttp://doi.org/10.1021/ja110369d .

J. A. Kelly , 等 . Chiral nematic stained glass: controlling the optical properties of nanocrystalline cellulose-templated materials . Langmuir , 2012 . 28 17256 -17262 . DOI:10.1021/la3041902http://doi.org/10.1021/la3041902 .

A. W. P. Fitzpatrick , 等 . Atomic structure and hierarchical assembly of a cross-β amyloid fibril . Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , 2013 . 110 5468 -5473 . DOI:10.1073/pnas.1219476110http://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1219476110 .

S. M. Park , 等 . Hierarchically fabricated amyloid fibers via evaporation-induced self-assembly . ACS Nano , 2021 . 15 20261 -20266 . DOI:10.1021/acsnano.1c08374http://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.1c08374 .

J. M. Jung , R. Mezzenga . Liquid crystalline phase behavior of protein fibers in water: experiments versus theory . Langmuir , 2010 . 26 504 -514 . DOI:10.1021/la9021432http://doi.org/10.1021/la9021432 .

G. Nyström , M. Arcari , R. Mezzenga . Confinement-induced liquid crystalline transitions in amyloid fibril cholesteric tactoids . Nat. Nanotechnol. , 2018 . 13 330 -336 . DOI:10.1038/s41565-018-0071-9http://doi.org/10.1038/s41565-018-0071-9 .

J. Kumar , 等 . Detection of amyloid fibrils in Parkinson's disease using plasmonic chirality . Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , 2018 . 115 3225 -3230 . DOI:10.1073/pnas.1721690115http://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1721690115 .

Y. J. Deng , 等 . Circularly polarized luminescence from organic micro-/nano-structures . Light. Sci. Appl. , 2021 . 10 76 DOI:10.1038/s41377-021-00516-7http://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-021-00516-7 .

Y. X. Han , 等 . Chiral fluorescent silicon nanoparticles for aminopropanol enantiomer: fluorescence discrimination and mechanism identification . Anal. Chem. , 2020 . 92 3949 -3957 . DOI:10.1021/acs.analchem.9b05442http://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.9b05442 .

X. M. Chen , 等 . Tunable circularly polarized luminescent supramolecular systems: approaches and applications . ChemPhotoChem , 2022 . 6 DOI:10.1002/cptc.202200032http://doi.org/10.1002/cptc.202200032 .

J. J. Hao , 等 . Optically active CdSe/CdS nanoplatelets exhibiting both circular dichroism and circularly polarized luminescence . Adv. Optical Mater. , 2021 . 9 2101142 DOI:10.1002/adom.202101142http://doi.org/10.1002/adom.202101142 .

V. Kuznetsova , 等 . Ligand-induced chirality and optical activity in semiconductor nanocrystals: theory and applications . Nanophotonics , 2021 . 10 797 -824 . DOI:10.1515/nanoph-2020-0473http://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2020-0473 .

X. Shao , 等 . Impact of native achiral ligands on the chirality of enantiopure cysteine stabilized CdSe nanocrystals . J. Mater. Chem. C. , 2021 . 9 555 -561 . DOI:10.1039/C9TC07090Ghttp://doi.org/10.1039/C9TC07090G .

C. X. Li , 等 . Optically active quantum dots with induced circularly polarized luminescence in amphiphilic peptide dendron hydrogel . Nanoscale Adv. , 2019 . 1 508 -512 . DOI:10.1039/C8NA00216Ahttp://doi.org/10.1039/C8NA00216A .

L. Yang , 等 . Chiral helical supramolecular hydrogels with adjustable pitch and diameter towards high-performance chiroptical detecting . Giant , 2021 . 8 100077 DOI:10.1016/j.giant.2021.100077http://doi.org/10.1016/j.giant.2021.100077 .

F. Y. Song , 等 . Tunable circularly polarized luminescence from molecular assemblies of chiral AIEgens . Mater. Chem. Front. , 2019 . 3 1768 -1778 . DOI:10.1039/C9QM00332Khttp://doi.org/10.1039/C9QM00332K .

L. Shi , 等 . Self-assembly of chiral gold clusters into crystalline nanocubes of exceptional optical activity . Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. , 2017 . 56 15397 -15401 . DOI:10.1002/anie.201709827http://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201709827 .

Y. Li , 等 . The amplified circularly polarized luminescence regulated from D-A type AIE-active chiral emitters via liquid crystals system . Chem. Commun. , 2020 . 56 1117 -1120 . DOI:10.1039/C9CC09067Chttp://doi.org/10.1039/C9CC09067C .

X. F. Yang , 等 . Photon-upconverting chiral liquid crystal: significantly amplified upconverted circularly polarized luminescence . Chem. Sci. , 2019 . 10 172 -178 . DOI:10.1039/C8SC03806Fhttp://doi.org/10.1039/C8SC03806F .

M. P. Moloney , 等 . Preparation of chiral quantum dots . Nat. Protoc. , 2015 . 10 558 -573 . DOI:10.1038/nprot.2015.028http://doi.org/10.1038/nprot.2015.028 .

Y. H. Xu , 等 . Recent progress in two-dimensional inorganic quantum dots . Chem. Soc. Rev. , 2018 . 47 586 -625 . DOI:10.1039/C7CS00500Hhttp://doi.org/10.1039/C7CS00500H .

A. Brotchie . Graphene quantum dots: it's all in the twist . Nat. Rev. Mater. , 2016 . 1 16006 DOI:10.1038/natrevmats.2016.6http://doi.org/10.1038/natrevmats.2016.6 .

F. P. Milton , 等 . The chiral nano-world: chiroptically active quantum nanostructures . Nanoscale Horiz. , 2016 . 1 14 -26 . DOI:10.1039/C5NH00072Fhttp://doi.org/10.1039/C5NH00072F .

U. Tohgha , 等 . Ligand induced circular dichroism and circularly polarized luminescence in CdSe quantum dots . ACS Nano , 2013 . 7 11094 -11102 . DOI:10.1021/nn404832fhttp://doi.org/10.1021/nn404832f .

N. Suzuki , 等 . Chiral graphene quantum dots . ACS Nano , 2016 . 10 1744 -1755 . DOI:10.1021/acsnano.5b06369http://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5b06369 .

M. J. Deka , D. Chowdhury . Chiral carbon dots and their effect on the optical properties of photosensitizers . RSC Adv. , 2017 . 7 53057 -53063 . DOI:10.1039/C7RA10611Dhttp://doi.org/10.1039/C7RA10611D .

F. Li , 等 . Chiral carbon dots mimicking topoisomerase I to mediate the topological rearrangement of supercoiled DNA enantioselectively . Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. , 2020 . 59 11087 -11092 . DOI:10.1002/anie.202002904http://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202002904 .

F. Li , 等 . Highly fluorescent chiral N-S-doped carbon dots from cysteine: affecting cellular energy metabolism . Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. , 2018 . 57 2377 -2382 . DOI:10.1002/anie.201712453http://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201712453 .

A. Bobrovsky , 等 . Optically and electrically controlled circularly polarized emission from cholesteric liquid crystal materials doped with semiconductor quantum dots . Adv. Mater. , 2012 . 24 6216 -6222 . DOI:10.1002/adma.201202227http://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201202227 .

A. Bobrovsky , 等 . Glass-forming photoactive cholesteric oligomers doped with quantum dots: novel materials with phototunable circularly polarised emission . Liq. Cryst. , 2011 . 38 737 -742 . DOI:10.1080/02678292.2011.570796http://doi.org/10.1080/02678292.2011.570796 .

R. Kumar , K. K. Raina . Optical and electrical control of circularly polarised fluorescence in CdSe quantum dots dispersed polymer stabilised cholesteric liquid crystal shutter . Liq. Cryst. , 2016 . 43 994 -1001 . DOI:10.1080/02678292.2016.1155771http://doi.org/10.1080/02678292.2016.1155771 .

Y. Shi , 等 . Circularly polarized luminescence from semiconductor quantum rods templated by self-assembled cellulose nanocrystals . J. Mater. Chem. C. , 2020 . 8 1048 -1053 . DOI:10.1039/C9TC05751Jhttp://doi.org/10.1039/C9TC05751J .

H. Z. Zheng , 等 . Uncovering the circular polarization potential of chiral photonic cellulose films for photonic applications . Adv. Mater. , 2018 . 30 1705948 DOI:10.1002/adma.201705948http://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201705948 .

C. D. Edgar , D. G. Gray . Induced circular dichroism of chiral nematic cellulose films . Cellulose , 2001 . 8 5 -12 . DOI:10.1023/A:1016624330458http://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016624330458 .

S. Kang , 等 . Dynamic chiro-optics of bio-inorganic nanomaterials via seamless co-assembly of semiconducting nanorods and polysaccharide nanocrystals . Adv. Funct. Mater. , 2021 . 31 2104596 DOI:10.1002/adfm.202104596http://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202104596 .

C. E. Boott , 等 . Cellulose nanocrystal elastomers with reversible visible color . Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. , 2020 . 59 226 -231 . DOI:10.1002/anie.201911468http://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201911468 .

O. Kose , 等 . Unwinding a spiral of cellulose nanocrystals for stimuli-responsive stretchable optics . Nat. Commun. , 2019 . 10 510 DOI:10.1038/s41467-019-08351-6http://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-08351-6 .

T. D. Nguyen , W. Y. Hamad , M. J. MacLachlan . CdS quantum dots encapsulated in chiral nematic mesoporous silica: new iridescent and luminescent materials . Adv. Funct. Mater. , 2014 . 24 777 -783 . DOI:10.1002/adfm.201302521http://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201302521 .

Z. Y. Li , 等 . Frontiers in carbon dots: design, properties and applications . Mater. Chem. Front. , 2019 . 3 2571 -2601 . DOI:10.1039/C9QM00415Ghttp://doi.org/10.1039/C9QM00415G .

Z. H. Li , 等 . Carbon-based functional nanomaterials: preparation, properties and applications . Compos. Sci. Technol. , 2019 . 179 10 -40 . DOI:10.1016/j.compscitech.2019.04.028http://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2019.04.028 .

A. Döring , E. Ushakova , A. L. Rogach . Chiral carbon dots: synthesis, optical properties, and emerging applications . Light. Sci. Appl. , 2022 . 11 75 DOI:10.1038/s41377-022-00764-1http://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-022-00764-1 .

H. Z. Zheng , 等 . Circularly polarized luminescent carbon dot nanomaterials of helical superstructures for circularly polarized light detection . Adv. Optical Mater. , 2018 . 6 1801246 DOI:10.1002/adom.201801246http://doi.org/10.1002/adom.201801246 .

M. C. Xu , 等 . Designing hybrid chiral photonic films with circularly polarized room-temperature phosphorescence . ACS Nano , 2020 . 14 11130 -11139 . DOI:10.1021/acsnano.0c02060http://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.0c02060 .

R. Xiong , 等 . Self-assembly of emissive nanocellulose/quantum dot nanostructures for chiral fluorescent materials . ACS Nano , 2019 . 13 9074 -9081 . DOI:10.1021/acsnano.9b03305http://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.9b03305 .

M. Chekini , 等 . Chiral carbon dots synthesized on cellulose nanocrystals . Adv. Optical Mater. , 2020 . 8 1901911 DOI:10.1002/adom.201901911http://doi.org/10.1002/adom.201901911 .

G. K. Long , 等 . Chiral-perovskite optoelectronics . Nat. Rev. Mater. , 2020 . 5 423 -439 . DOI:10.1038/s41578-020-0181-5http://doi.org/10.1038/s41578-020-0181-5 .

S. Q. Li , 等 . Water-resistant perovskite nanodots enable robust two-photon lasing in aqueous environment . Nat. Commun. , 2020 . 11 1192 DOI:10.1038/s41467-020-15016-2http://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-15016-2 .

J. Q. Ma , H. Z. Wang , D. H. Li . Recent progress of chiral perovskites: materials, synthesis, and properties . Adv. Mater. , 2021 . 33 2008785 DOI:10.1002/adma.202008785http://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202008785 .

L. Protesescu , 等 . Nanocrystals of cesium lead halide perovskites (CsPbX3, X = Cl, Br, and I): novel optoelectronic materials showing bright emission with wide color gamut . Nano Lett. , 2015 . 15 3692 -3696 . DOI:10.1021/nl5048779http://doi.org/10.1021/nl5048779 .

D. G. Billing , A. Lemmerer . Bis[(S)-β-phenethylammonium] tribromoplumbate (II) . Acta Crystallogr. Sect. E , 2003 . 59 DOI:10.1107/S1600536803010985http://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536803010985 .

D. G. Billing , A. Lemmerer . Synthesis and crystal structures of inorganic–organic hybrids incorporating an aromatic amine with a chiral functional group . CrystEngComm , 2006 . 8 686 -695 . DOI:10.1039/B606987Hhttp://doi.org/10.1039/B606987H .

J. Ahn , 等 . A new class of chiral semiconductors: chiral-organic-molecule-incorporating organic–inorganic hybrid perovskites . Mater. Horiz. , 2017 . 4 851 -856 . DOI:10.1039/C7MH00197Ehttp://doi.org/10.1039/C7MH00197E .

W. J. Chen , 等 . Two-photon absorption-based upconverted circularly polarized luminescence generated in chiral perovskite nanocrystals . J. Phys. Chem. Lett. , 2019 . 10 3290 -3295 . DOI:10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b01224http://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b01224 .

P. Z. Liu , 等 . Optically active perovskite CsPbBr3 nanocrystals helically arranged on inorganic silica nanohelices . Nano Lett. , 2020 . 20 8453 -8460 . DOI:10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c02013http://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c02013 .

C. T. Wang , 等 . Fully chiral light emission from CsPbX3 perovskite nanocrystals enabled by cholesteric superstructure stacks . Adv. Funct. Mater. , 2019 . 29 1903155 DOI:10.1002/adfm.201903155http://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201903155 .

Y. Wei , Z. Y. Cheng , J. Lin . An overview on enhancing the stability of lead halide perovskite quantum dots and their applications in phosphor-converted LEDs . Chem. Soc. Rev. , 2019 . 48 310 -350 . DOI:10.1039/C8CS00740Chttp://doi.org/10.1039/C8CS00740C .

S. Liang , 等 . Recent advances in synthesis, properties, and applications of metal halide perovskite nanocrystals/polymer nanocomposites . Adv. Mater. , 2021 . 33 2005888 DOI:10.1002/adma.202005888http://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202005888 .

Y. Bai , 等 . Surface chemistry engineering of perovskite quantum dots: strategies, applications, and perspectives . Adv. Mater. , 2022 . 34 2105958 DOI:10.1002/adma.202105958http://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202105958 .

Liu, S. J. et al. Circularly polarized perovskite luminescence with dissymmetry factor up to 1.9 by soft helix bilayer device. Matter https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matt.2022.05.012https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matt.2022.05.012 (2022).

B. Chen , F. Wang . Emerging frontiers of upconversion nanoparticles . Trends Chem. , 2020 . 2 427 -439 . DOI:10.1016/j.trechm.2020.01.008http://doi.org/10.1016/j.trechm.2020.01.008 .

S. H. Wen , 等 . Advances in highly doped upconversion nanoparticles . Nat. Commun. , 2018 . 9 2415 DOI:10.1038/s41467-018-04813-5http://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-04813-5 .

S. Y. Han , 等 . Enhancing luminescence in lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles . Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. , 2014 . 53 11702 -11715 . DOI:10.1002/anie.201403408http://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201403408 .

S. Wu , H. J. Butt . Near-infrared-sensitive materials based on upconverting nanoparticles . Adv. Mater. , 2016 . 28 1208 -1226 . DOI:10.1002/adma.201502843http://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201502843 .

Y. H. Wang , 等 . Stimuli-responsive nanotheranostics based on lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles for cancer imaging and therapy: current advances and future challenges . Nano Today , 2019 . 25 38 -67 . DOI:10.1016/j.nantod.2019.02.007http://doi.org/10.1016/j.nantod.2019.02.007 .

G. Y. Chen , 等 . Upconversion nanoparticles: design, nanochemistry, and applications in theranostics . Chem. Rev. , 2014 . 114 5161 -5214 . DOI:10.1021/cr400425hhttp://doi.org/10.1021/cr400425h .

H. Dong , 等 . Lanthanide nanoparticles: from design toward bioimaging and therapy . Chem. Rev. , 2015 . 115 10725 -10815 . DOI:10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00091http://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00091 .

Z. Zhang , Y. M. Chen , Y. Zhang . Self-assembly of upconversion nanoparticles based materials and their emerging applications . Small , 2022 . 18 2103241 DOI:10.1002/smll.202103241http://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202103241 .

S. De Camillis , 等 . Controlling the non-linear emission of upconversion nanoparticles to enhance super-resolution imaging performance . Nanoscale , 2020 . 12 20347 -20355 . DOI:10.1039/D0NR04809Ghttp://doi.org/10.1039/D0NR04809G .

M. Haase , H. Schäfer . Upconverting nanoparticles . Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. , 2011 . 50 5808 -5829 . DOI:10.1002/anie.201005159http://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201005159 .

Y. Zhang , X. H. Zhu , Y. Zhang . Exploring heterostructured upconversion nanoparticles: from rational engineering to diverse applications . ACS Nano , 2021 . 15 3709 -3735 . DOI:10.1021/acsnano.0c09231http://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.0c09231 .

J. Zhou , 等 . Upconversion luminescent materials: advances and applications . Chem. Rev. , 2015 . 115 395 -465 . DOI:10.1021/cr400478fhttp://doi.org/10.1021/cr400478f .

E. S. Levy , 等 . Energy-looping nanoparticles: harnessing excited-state absorption for deep-tissue imaging . ACS Nano , 2016 . 10 8423 -8433 . DOI:10.1021/acsnano.6b03288http://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.6b03288 .

H. Chen , 等 . Multiplasmons-pumped excited-state absorption and energy transfer upconversion of rare-earth-doped luminescence beyond the diffraction limit . ACS Photon. , 2021 . 8 1335 -1343 . DOI:10.1021/acsphotonics.0c01747http://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.0c01747 .

X. M. Li , F. Zhang , D. Y. Zhao . Lab on upconversion nanoparticles: optical properties and applications engineering via designed nanostructure . Chem. Soc. Rev. , 2015 . 44 1346 -1378 . DOI:10.1039/C4CS00163Jhttp://doi.org/10.1039/C4CS00163J .

X. W. Cheng , 等 . Energy transfer designing in lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles . Chem. Commun. , 2020 . 56 15118 -15132 . DOI:10.1039/D0CC05878Ehttp://doi.org/10.1039/D0CC05878E .

Z. Zhang , 等 . Upconversion superballs for programmable photoactivation of therapeutics . Nat. Commun. , 2019 . 10 4586 DOI:10.1038/s41467-019-12506-whttp://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-12506-w .

F. Wang , X. G. Liu . Upconversion multicolor fine-tuning: visible to near-infrared emission from lanthanide-doped NaYF4 nanoparticles . J. Am. Chem. Soc. , 2008 . 130 5642 -5643 . DOI:10.1021/ja800868ahttp://doi.org/10.1021/ja800868a .

C. X. Li , P. F. Duan . Recent advances of circularly polarized luminescence in photon upconversion systems . Chem. Lett. , 2021 . 50 546 -552 . DOI:10.1246/cl.200771http://doi.org/10.1246/cl.200771 .

Mori, T. Circularly Polarized Luminescence of Isolated Small Organic Molecules. (Springer, 2020).

M. H. Zhou , 等 . Steering nanohelix and upconverted circularly polarized luminescence by using completely achiral components . ACS Nano , 2021 . 15 2753 -2761 . DOI:10.1021/acsnano.0c08539http://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.0c08539 .

D. Yang , 等 . Photon upconverted circularly polarized luminescence via triplet–triplet annihilation . Adv. Mater. , 2019 . 31 1805683 DOI:10.1002/adma.201805683http://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201805683 .

B. Zhou , 等 . Controlling upconversion nanocrystals for emerging applications . Nat. Nanotechnol. , 2015 . 10 924 -936 . DOI:10.1038/nnano.2015.251http://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2015.251 .

J. L. Han , 等 . Amplification of circularly polarized luminescence through triplet–triplet annihilation-based photon upconversion . J. Am. Chem. Soc. , 2017 . 139 9783 -9786 . DOI:10.1021/jacs.7b04611http://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.7b04611 .

T. A. Lin , C. F. Perkinson , M. A. Baldo . Strategies for high-performance solid-state triplet-triplet-annihilation-based photon upconversion . Adv. Mater. , 2020 . 32 1908175 DOI:10.1002/adma.201908175http://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201908175 .

T. H. Zhao , 等 . Amplifying dissymmetry factor of upconverted circularly polarized luminescence through chirality-induced spin polarization in the photon upconversion process . J. Phys. Chem. Lett. , 2020 . 11 311 -317 . DOI:10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b03408http://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b03408 .

T. H. Zhao , 等 . Multi-light-responsive upconversion-and-downshifting-based circularly polarized luminescent switches in chiral metal-organic frameworks . Adv. Mater. , 2021 . 33 2101797 DOI:10.1002/adma.202101797http://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202101797 .

T. H. Zhao , 等 . Dual-mode induction of tunable circularly polarized luminescence from chiral metal-organic frameworks . Research , 2020 . 2020 6452123 .

W. Li , 等 . Tunable upconverted circularly polarized luminescence in cellulose nanocrystal based chiral photonic films . ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces , 2019 . 11 23512 -23519 . DOI:10.1021/acsami.9b05941http://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.9b05941 .

X. F. Yang , 等 . Electric-field-regulated energy transfer in chiral liquid crystals for enhancing upconverted circularly polarized luminescence through steering the photonic bandgap . Adv. Mater. , 2020 . 32 2000820 DOI:10.1002/adma.202000820http://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202000820 .

A. Juan , 等 . Near-infrared light-controlled circularly polarized luminescence of self-organized emissive helical superstructures assisted by upconversion nanoparticles . Chem. Commun. , 2020 . 56 13649 -13652 . DOI:10.1039/D0CC05910Bhttp://doi.org/10.1039/D0CC05910B .

A. Juan , 等 . Near-infrared light-induced photoisomerization and photodissociation of a chiral fluorescent photoswitch in cholesteric liquid crystals assisted by upconversion nanoparticles . Soft Matter , 2021 . 17 1404 -1408 . DOI:10.1039/D0SM02109Ahttp://doi.org/10.1039/D0SM02109A .

S. M. Ye , 等 . Modulated visible light upconversion for luminescence patterns in liquid crystal polymer networks loaded with upconverting nanoparticles . Adv. Opt. Mater. , 2017 . 5 1600956 DOI:10.1002/adom.201600956http://doi.org/10.1002/adom.201600956 .

L. Wang , 等 . Reversible near-infrared light directed reflection in a self-organized helical superstructure loaded with upconversion nanoparticles . J. Am. Chem. Soc. , 2014 . 136 4480 -4483 . DOI:10.1021/ja500933hhttp://doi.org/10.1021/ja500933h .

L. Wang , 等 . Luminescence-driven reversible handedness inversion of self-organized helical superstructures enabled by a novel near-infrared light nanotransducer . Adv. Mater. , 2015 . 27 2065 -2069 . DOI:10.1002/adma.201405690http://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201405690 .

Y. Q. Qiu , 等 . Near-infrared light-driven three-dimensional soft photonic crystals loaded with upconversion nanoparticles . Adv. Opt. Mater. , 2022 . 10 2102475 DOI:10.1002/adom.202102475http://doi.org/10.1002/adom.202102475 .

X. Y. Li , 等 . Sub-10 nm aggregation-induced emission quantum dots assembled by microfluidics for enhanced tumor targeting and reduced retention in the liver . Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. , 2020 . 59 21899 -21903 . DOI:10.1002/anie.202008564http://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202008564 .

Z. Zhao , 等 . Aggregation-induced emission: new vistas at the aggregate level . Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. , 2020 . 59 9888 -9907 . DOI:10.1002/anie.201916729http://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201916729 .

F. Y. Song , 等 . Circularly polarized luminescence from AIEgens . J. Mater. Chem. C. , 2020 . 8 3284 -3301 . DOI:10.1039/C9TC07022Bhttp://doi.org/10.1039/C9TC07022B .

X. J. Li , 等 . Strong aggregation-induced CPL response promoted by chiral emissive nematic liquid crystals (N*-LCs) . Chem. A Eur. J. , 2018 . 24 12607 -12612 . DOI:10.1002/chem.201801186http://doi.org/10.1002/chem.201801186 .

X. H. Gao , 等 . (R)-binaphthyl derivatives as chiral dopants: substituent position controlled circularly polarized luminescence in liquid crystals . Chem. Commun. , 2019 . 55 5914 -5917 . DOI:10.1039/C9CC02253Hhttp://doi.org/10.1039/C9CC02253H .

B. N. Ni , 等 . Circularly polarized luminescence from structurally coloured polymer films . Chem. Commun. , 2021 . 57 2796 -2799 . DOI:10.1039/D1CC00201Ehttp://doi.org/10.1039/D1CC00201E .

D. Y. Zhao , 等 . Circularly polarized luminescence and a reflective photoluminescent chiral nematic liquid crystal display based on an aggregation-induced emission luminogen . Adv. Optical Mater. , 2016 . 4 534 -539 . DOI:10.1002/adom.201500646http://doi.org/10.1002/adom.201500646 .

X. J. Li , 等 . Strong CPL of achiral AIE-active dyes induced by supramolecular self-assembly in chiral nematic liquid crystals (AIE-N*-LCs) . Chem. Commun. , 2019 . 55 5179 -5182 . DOI:10.1039/C9CC01678Chttp://doi.org/10.1039/C9CC01678C .

L. L. Ma , 等 . Submicrosecond electro-optical switching of one-dimensional soft photonic crystals . Photon. Res. , 2022 . 10 786 -792 . DOI:10.1364/PRJ.449284http://doi.org/10.1364/PRJ.449284 .

C. L. Yuan , 等 . Stimulated transformation of soft helix among helicoidal, heliconical, and their inverse helices . Sci. Adv. , 2019 . 5 DOI:10.1126/sciadv.aax9501http://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aax9501 .

Z. G. Zheng , 等 . Digital photoprogramming of liquid-crystal superstructures featuring intrinsic chiral photoswitches . Nat. Photon. , 2022 . 16 226 -234 . DOI:10.1038/s41566-022-00957-5http://doi.org/10.1038/s41566-022-00957-5 .

H. L. Hu , 等 . A quadri-dimensional manipulable laser with an intrinsic chiral photoswitch . Adv. Mater. , 2022 . 34 2110170 DOI:10.1002/adma.202110170http://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202110170 .

L. L. Ma , 等 . Rationally designed dynamic superstructures enabled by photoaligning cholesteric liquid crystals . Adv. Opt. Mater. , 2015 . 3 1691 -1696 . DOI:10.1002/adom.201500403http://doi.org/10.1002/adom.201500403 .

M. A. Gharbi , 等 . Reversible nanoparticle cubic lattices in blue phase liquid crystals . ACS Nano , 2016 . 10 3410 -3415 . DOI:10.1021/acsnano.5b07379http://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5b07379 .

M. Ravnik , 等 . Three-dimensional colloidal crystals in liquid crystalline blue phases . Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , 2011 . 108 5188 -5192 . DOI:10.1073/pnas.1015831108http://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1015831108 .

Yang, X. K. et al. Tunable circularly polarized luminescence from inorganic chiral photonic crystals doped with quantum dots. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202201674https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202201674 (2022).

W. Gong , 等 . Chiral metal-organic frameworks . Chem. Rev. , 2022 . 122 9078 -9144 . DOI:10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00740http://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00740 .

T. Frenzel , M. Kadic , M. Wegener . Three-dimensional mechanical metamaterials with a twist . Science , 2017 . 358 1072 -1074 . DOI:10.1126/science.aao4640http://doi.org/10.1126/science.aao4640 .

T. T. Zhuang , 等 . Regioselective magnetization in semiconducting nanorods . Nat. Nanotechnol. , 2020 . 15 192 -197 . DOI:10.1038/s41565-019-0606-8http://doi.org/10.1038/s41565-019-0606-8 .

J. J. Liu , 等 . Recent advances in inorganic chiral nanomaterials . Adv. Mater. , 2021 . 33 2005506 DOI:10.1002/adma.202005506http://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202005506 .

R. Naaman , D. H. Waldeck . Spintronics and chirality: spin selectivity in electron transport through chiral molecules . Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. , 2015 . 66 263 -281 . DOI:10.1146/annurev-physchem-040214-121554http://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-physchem-040214-121554 .

S. H. Yang . Chiral spintronics . Nat. Rev. Phys. , 2021 . 3 328 -343. .

Views

Downloads

CSCD

Alert me when the article has been cited

Submit

Tools

Publicity Resources

No data

Related Author

No data

Related Institution

No data

⁰