Deep ultraviolet hydrogel based on 2D cobalt-doped titanate

Youan Xu; Baofu Ding; Ziyang Huang; Lixin Dai; Peng Liu; Bing Li; Wei Cai; Hui-Ming Cheng; Bilu Liu

doi:10.1038/s41377-022-00991-6

Go to Nature Website

Your Location：

Home >

Browse articles >

Deep ultraviolet hydrogel based on 2D cobalt-doped titanate

Original Articles

- Deep ultraviolet hydrogel based on 2D cobalt-doped titanate
- Light: Science & Applications Vol. 12, Issue 1, Pages: 68-76(2023)
- Affiliations：
  
  1.Xi'an Research Institute of High Technology, Xi'an, 710025, China
  2.Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
  3.Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality/Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, CAS, Shenzhen, 518055, China
  4.Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
  5.School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang, 110016, China
- Author bio：
  
  Baofu Ding (bf.ding@siat.ac.cn)
  Wei Cai (caiwei_bu@163.com)
  Bilu Liu (bilu.liu@sz.tsinghua.edu.cn)
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1038/s41377-022-00991-6
  CLC：
- Published：31 January 2023，
  
  Published Online：1 January 2023，
  
  Received：13 September 2022，
  
  Revised：18 September 2022，
  
  Accepted：20 September 2022
Scan for full text
Xu, Y. A. et al. Deep ultraviolet hydrogel based on 2D cobalt-doped titanate. Light: Science & Applications, 12, 68-76 (2023).
DOI：

Xu, Y. A. et al. Deep ultraviolet hydrogel based on 2D cobalt-doped titanate. Light: Science & Applications, 12, 68-76 (2023). DOI： 10.1038/s41377-022-00991-6.

摘要

Abstract

Birefringent optical elements that work in deep ultraviolet (DUV) region become increasingly important these years. However

most of the DUV optical elements have fixed birefringence which is hard to be tuned. Here

we invent a birefringence-tunable optical hydrogel with mechano-birefringence effect in the DUV region

based on two-dimensional (2D) low-cobalt-doped titanate. This 2D oxide material has an optical anisotropy factor of 1.5 × 10

–11

−1

larger than maximum value obtained previously

leading to an extremely large specific magneto-optical Cotton-Mouton coefficient of 3.9 × 10

−2

−1

. The extremely large coefficient enables the fabrication of birefringent hydrogel in a small magnetic field with an ultra-low concentration of 2D oxide material. The hydrogel can stably and continuously modulate 303 nm DUV light with large phase tunability by varying the strain (compression or stretching) from 0 to 50%. Our work opens the door to design and fabricate new proof-of-concept DUV birefringence-tunable element

as demonstrated by optical hydrogels capable of DUV modulation by mechanical stimuli.

关键词

Keywords

references

S. Q. Li , 等 . Phase-only transmissive spatial light modulator based on tunable dielectric metasurface . Science , 2019 . 364 1087 -1090 . DOI:10.1126/science.aaw6747http://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaw6747 .

P. K. Shrestha , Y. T. Chun , D. P. Chu . A high-resolution optically addressed spatial light modulator based on ZnO nanoparticles . Light Sci. Appl. , 2015 . 4 e259 DOI:10.1038/lsa.2015.32http://doi.org/10.1038/lsa.2015.32 .

J. Park , 等 . All-solid-state spatial light modulator with independent phase and amplitude control for three-dimensional LiDAR applications . Nat. Nanotechnol. , 2021 . 16 69 -76 . DOI:10.1038/s41565-020-00787-yhttp://doi.org/10.1038/s41565-020-00787-y .

Z. P. Sun , A. Martinez , F. Wang . Optical modulators with 2D layered materials . Nat. Photonics , 2016 . 10 227 -238 . DOI:10.1038/nphoton.2016.15http://doi.org/10.1038/nphoton.2016.15 .

M. Kneissl , 等 . The emergence and prospects of deep-ultraviolet light-emitting diode technologies . Nat. Photonics , 2019 . 13 233 -244 . DOI:10.1038/s41566-019-0359-9http://doi.org/10.1038/s41566-019-0359-9 .

Z. Y. Xu , B. M. Sadler . Ultraviolet communications: potential and state-of-the-art . IEEE Commun. Mag. , 2008 . 46 67 -73 . DOI:10.1109/MCOM.2008.4511651http://doi.org/10.1109/MCOM.2008.4511651 .

J. S. Park , 等 . All-glass, large metalens at visible wavelength using deep-ultraviolet projection lithography . Nano Lett. , 2019 . 19 8673 -8682 . DOI:10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b03333http://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b03333 .

M. Oppermann , 等 . Ultrafast broadband circular dichroism in the deep ultraviolet . Optica , 2019 . 6 56 -60 . DOI:10.1364/OPTICA.6.000056http://doi.org/10.1364/OPTICA.6.000056 .

A. I. Adamu , 等 . Deep-UV to Mid-IR supercontinuum generation driven by Mid-IR ultrashort pulses in a gas-filled hollow-core fiber . Sci. Rep. , 2019 . 9 4446 DOI:10.1038/s41598-019-39302-2http://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-39302-2 .

Z. Y. Wang , X. X. Wang , J. F. Liu . Design of nanophotonic, hot-electron solar-blind ultraviolet detectors with a metal-oxide-semiconductor structure . J. Opt. , 2014 . 16 125010 DOI:10.1088/2040-8978/16/12/125010http://doi.org/10.1088/2040-8978/16/12/125010 .

G. Q. Zhou , 等 . Growth and spectrum of a novel birefringent α-BaB2O4 crystal . J. Cryst. Growth , 1998 . 191 517 -519 . DOI:10.1016/S0022-0248(98)00162-6http://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-0248(98)00162-6 .

M. J. Dodge . Refractive properties of magnesium fluoride . Appl. Opt. , 1984 . 23 1980 -1985 . DOI:10.1364/AO.23.001980http://doi.org/10.1364/AO.23.001980 .

X. L. Chen , 等 . Designing an excellent deep-ultraviolet birefringent material for light polarization . J. Am. Chem. Soc. , 2018 . 140 16311 -16319 . DOI:10.1021/jacs.8b10009http://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.8b10009 .

J. Y. Guo , 等 . α‐SnF2: a UV birefringent material with large birefringence and easy crystal growth . Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. , 2021 . 60 3540 -3544 . DOI:10.1002/anie.202014279http://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202014279 .

F. Lin , 等 . Planar alignment of graphene sheets by a rotating magnetic field for full exploitation of graphene as a 2D material . Adv. Funct. Mater. , 2018 . 28 1805255 DOI:10.1002/adfm.201805255http://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201805255 .

X. Z. Wang , 等 . A compact full 2π flexoelectro-optic liquid crystal phase modulator . Adv. Mater. Technol. , 2020 . 5 2000589 DOI:10.1002/admt.202000589http://doi.org/10.1002/admt.202000589 .

D. A. Coleman , 等 . Polarization-modulated smectic liquid crystal phases . Science , 2003 . 301 1204 -1211 . DOI:10.1126/science.1084956http://doi.org/10.1126/science.1084956 .

Z. Y. Xie , 等 . Optical switching of a birefringent photonic crystal . Adv. Mater. , 2008 . 20 3601 -3604 . DOI:10.1002/adma.200800495http://doi.org/10.1002/adma.200800495 .

N. Savage . Digital spatial light modulators . Nat. Photon. , 2009 . 3 170 -172 . DOI:10.1038/nphoton.2009.18http://doi.org/10.1038/nphoton.2009.18 .

S. Kharratian , H. Urey , M. C. Onbaşlı . Advanced materials and device architectures for magnetooptical spatial light modulators . Adv. Opt. Mater. , 2020 . 8 1901381 DOI:10.1002/adom.201901381http://doi.org/10.1002/adom.201901381 .

R. Chen , 等 . Improving UV stability of tolane-liquid crystals in photonic applications by the ortho fluorine substitution . Opt. Mater. Express , 2016 . 6 97 -105 . DOI:10.1364/OME.6.000097http://doi.org/10.1364/OME.6.000097 .

P. T. Lin , 等 . UV stability of high birefirngence liquid crystals . Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. , 2004 . 411 243 -253 . DOI:10.1080/15421400490435233http://doi.org/10.1080/15421400490435233 .

C. H. Wen , S. Gauza , S. T. Wu . Ultraviolet stability of liquid crystals containing cyano and isothiocyanato terminal groups . Liq. Cryst. , 2004 . 31 1479 -1485 . DOI:10.1080/02678290412331298076http://doi.org/10.1080/02678290412331298076 .

H. K. Bisoyi , Q. Li . Light-driven liquid crystalline materials: from photo-induced phase transitions and property modulations to applications . Chem. Rev. , 2016 . 116 15089 -15166 . DOI:10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00415http://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00415 .

K. Goossens , 等 . Ionic liquid crystals: versatile materials . Chem. Rev. , 2016 . 116 4643 -4807 . DOI:10.1021/cr400334bhttp://doi.org/10.1021/cr400334b .

L. S. Li , 等 . Semiconductor nanorod liquid crystals . Nano Lett. , 2002 . 2 557 -560 . DOI:10.1021/nl0255146http://doi.org/10.1021/nl0255146 .

A. S. Sonin . Inorganic lyotropic liquid crystals . J. Mater. Chem. , 1998 . 8 2557 -2574 . DOI:10.1039/a802666ahttp://doi.org/10.1039/a802666a .

N. Miyamoto , T. Nakato . Liquid crystalline inorganic nanosheet colloids derived from layered materials . Isr. J. Chem. , 2012 . 52 881 -894 . DOI:10.1002/ijch.201200033http://doi.org/10.1002/ijch.201200033 .

J. C. P. Gabriel , 等 . Swollen liquid-crystalline lamellar phase based on extended solid-like sheets . Nature , 2001 . 413 504 -508 . DOI:10.1038/35097046http://doi.org/10.1038/35097046 .

K. Tarafder , 等 . Hole transfer dynamics from a CdSe/CdS quantum rod to a tethered ferrocene derivative . J. Am. Chem. Soc. , 2014 . 136 5121 -5131 . DOI:10.1021/ja500936nhttp://doi.org/10.1021/ja500936n .

B. F. Ding , 等 . Giant magneto-birefringence effect and tuneable colouration of 2D crystal suspensions . Nat. Commun. , 2020 . 11 3725 DOI:10.1038/s41467-020-17589-4http://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-17589-4 .

H. T. Chen , 等 . All-optical modulation with 2D layered materials: status and prospects . Nanophotonics , 2020 . 9 2107 -2124 . DOI:10.1515/nanoph-2019-0493http://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2019-0493 .

E. T. Poh , S. X. Lim , C. H. Sow . Multifaceted approaches to engineer fluorescence in nanomaterials via a focused laser beam . Light Adv. Manuf. , 2022 . 3 4 DOI:http://doi.org/ .

Xu, H. et al. Magnetically tunable and stable deep-ultraviolet birefringent optics using two-dimensional hexagonal boron nitride. Nat. Nanotechnol. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41565-022-01186-1https://doi.org/10.1038/s41565-022-01186-1 (2022).

Z. Wang , 等 . Digital holography as metrology tool at micro-nanoscale for soft matter . Light Adv. Manuf. , 2022 . 3 10 DOI:http://doi.org/ .

H. Y. Yu , 等 . Three-dimensional direct laser writing of PEGda hydrogel microstructures with low threshold power using a green laser beam . Light Adv. Manuf. , 2021 . 2 3 DOI:http://doi.org/ .

Q. L. Zhu , 等 . Distributed electric field induces orientations of nanosheets to prepare hydrogels with elaborate ordered structures and programmed deformations . Adv. Mater. , 2020 . 32 2005567 DOI:10.1002/adma.202005567http://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202005567 .

F. N. Xia , 等 . Two-dimensional material nanophotonics . Nat. Photon. , 2014 . 8 899 -907 . DOI:10.1038/nphoton.2014.271http://doi.org/10.1038/nphoton.2014.271 .

M. Osada , 等 . Gigantic magneto–optical effects in multilayer assemblies of two-dimensional titania nanosheets . Adv. Mater. , 2006 . 18 295 -299 . DOI:10.1002/adma.200501810http://doi.org/10.1002/adma.200501810 .

M. S. Wang , 等 . Magnetically actuated liquid crystals . Nano Lett. , 2014 . 14 3966 -3971 . DOI:10.1021/nl501302shttp://doi.org/10.1021/nl501302s .

S. Holzheu , H. Hoffmann . Mechanistic origin of transient electric birefringence anomaly of clay mineral dispersion . J. Phys. Chem. B , 2002 . 106 4412 -4418 . DOI:10.1021/jp012531vhttp://doi.org/10.1021/jp012531v .

T. Z. Shen , S. H. Hong , J. K. Song . Electro-optical switching of graphene oxide liquid crystals with an extremely large Kerr coefficient . Nat. Mater. , 2014 . 13 394 -399 . DOI:10.1038/nmat3888http://doi.org/10.1038/nmat3888 .

M. Nakayama , 等 . Stimuli-responsive hydroxyapatite liquid crystal with macroscopically controllable ordering and magneto-optical functions . Nat. Commun. , 2018 . 9 568 DOI:10.1038/s41467-018-02932-7http://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-02932-7 .

H. Loulijat , A. Koumina , H. Zerradi . The effect of the thermal vibration of graphene nanosheets on viscosity of nanofluid liquid argon containing graphene nanosheets . J. Mol. Liq. , 2019 . 276 936 -946 . DOI:10.1016/j.molliq.2018.12.129http://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2018.12.129 .

I. Dozov , 等 . Electric-field-induced perfect anti-nematic order in isotropic aqueous suspensions of a natural beidellite clay . J. Phys. Chem. B , 2011 . 115 7751 -7765 . DOI:10.1021/jp201201xhttp://doi.org/10.1021/jp201201x .

M. J. Stephen , J. P. Straley . Physics of liquid crystals . Rev. Mod. Phys. , 1974 . 46 617 -704 . DOI:10.1103/RevModPhys.46.617http://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.46.617 .

G. Pathak , 等 . Analysis of birefringence property of three different nematic liquid crystals dispersed with TiO2 nanoparticles . Opto-Electron. Rev. , 2018 . 26 11 -18 . DOI:10.1016/j.opelre.2017.11.005http://doi.org/10.1016/j.opelre.2017.11.005 .

C. T. O'Konski , K. Yoshioka , W. H. Orttung . Electric properties of macromolecules. IV. Determination of electric and optical parameters from saturation of electric birefringence in solutions . J. Phys. Chem. , 1959 . 63 1558 -1565 . DOI:10.1021/j150580a004http://doi.org/10.1021/j150580a004 .

B. R. Jennings , S. R. Wilson , P. J. Ridler . Magnetic birefringence of minerals . J. Colloid Interface Sci. , 2005 . 281 368 -376 . DOI:10.1016/j.jcis.2004.08.052http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2004.08.052 .

Views

Downloads

CSCD

Alert me when the article has been cited

Submit

Tools

Publicity Resources

No data

Related Author

No data

Related Institution

No data

⁰