Thickness bound for nonlocal wide-field-of-view metalenses

Shiyu Li; Chia Wei Hsu

doi:10.1038/s41377-022-01038-6

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Thickness bound for nonlocal wide-field-of-view metalenses

Original Articles

- Thickness bound for nonlocal wide-field-of-view metalenses
- Light: Science & Applications Vol. 11, Issue 12, Pages: 3018-3027(2022)
- Affiliations：
  
  Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
- Author bio：
  
  Chia Wei Hsu (cwhsu@usc.edu)
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1038/s41377-022-01038-6
  CLC：
- Published：31 December 2022，
  
  Published Online：01 December 2022，
  
  Received：03 September 2022，
  
  Revised：08 November 2022，
  
  Accepted：09 November 2022
- Accepted：
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Li, S. Y. & Hsu, C. W. Thickness bound for nonlocal wide-field-of-view metalenses. Light: Science & Applications, 11, 3018-3027 (2022).
DOI：

Li, S. Y. & Hsu, C. W. Thickness bound for nonlocal wide-field-of-view metalenses. Light: Science & Applications, 11, 3018-3027 (2022). DOI： 10.1038/s41377-022-01038-6.

摘要

Abstract

Metalenses—flat lenses made with optical metasurfaces—promise to enable thinner

cheaper

and better imaging systems. Achieving a sufficient angular field of view (FOV) is crucial toward that goal and requires a tailored incident-angle-dependent response. Here

we show that there is an intrinsic trade-off between achieving a desired broad-angle response and reducing the thickness of the device. Like the memory effect in disordered media

this thickness bound originates from the Fourier transform duality between space and angle. One can write down the transmission matrix describing the desired angle-dependent response

convert it to the spatial basis where its degree of nonlocality can be quantified through a lateral spreading

and determine the minimal device thickness based on such a required lateral spreading. This approach is general. When applied to wide-FOV lenses

it predicts the minimal thickness as a function of the FOV

lens diameter

and numerical aperture. The bound is tight

as some inverse-designed multi-layer metasurfaces can approach the minimal thickness we found. This work offers guidance for the design of nonlocal metasurfaces

proposes a new framework for establishing bounds

and reveals the relation between angular diversity and spatial footprint in multi-channel systems.

关键词

Keywords

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