Breaking the resolution-bandwidth limit of chip-scale spectrometry by harnessing a dispersion-engineered photonic molecule

Hongnan Xu; Yue Qin; Gaolei Hu; Hon Ki Tsang

doi:10.1038/s41377-023-01102-9

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Breaking the resolution-bandwidth limit of chip-scale spectrometry by harnessing a dispersion-engineered photonic molecule

Original Articles

- Breaking the resolution-bandwidth limit of chip-scale spectrometry by harnessing a dispersion-engineered photonic molecule
- Light: Science & Applications Vol. 12, Issue 3, Pages: 475-488(2023)
- Affiliations：
  
  Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Author bio：
  
  Hongnan Xu (hongnanxu@cuhk.edu.hk)
  Hon Ki Tsang (hktsang@ee.cuhk.edu.hk)
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1038/s41377-023-01102-9
  CLC：
- Published：31 March 2023，
  
  Published Online：6 March 2023，
  
  Received：15 October 2022，
  
  Revised：8 February 2023，
  
  Accepted：12 February 2023
Scan for full text
Xu, H. N.et al. Breaking the resolution-bandwidth limit of chip-scale spectrometry by harnessing a dispersion-engineered photonic molecule. Light: Science & Applications, 12, 475-488 (2023).
DOI：

Xu, H. N.et al. Breaking the resolution-bandwidth limit of chip-scale spectrometry by harnessing a dispersion-engineered photonic molecule. Light: Science & Applications, 12, 475-488 (2023). DOI： 10.1038/s41377-023-01102-9.

摘要

Abstract

The chip-scale integration of optical spectrometers may offer new opportunities for in situ bio-chemical analysis

remote sensing

and intelligent health care. The miniaturization of integrated spectrometers faces the challenge of an inherent trade-off between spectral resolutions and working bandwidths. Typically

a high resolution requires long optical paths

which in turn reduces the free-spectral range (FSR). In this paper

we propose and demonstrate a ground-breaking spectrometer design beyond the resolution-bandwidth limit. We tailor the dispersion of mode splitting in a photonic molecule to identify the spectral information at different FSRs. When tuning over a single FSR

each wavelength channel is encoded with a unique scanning trace

which enables the decorrelation over the whole bandwidth spanning multiple FSRs. Fourier analysis reveals that each left singular vector of the transmission matrix is mapped to a unique frequency component of the recorded output signal with a high sideband suppression ratio. Thus

unknown input spectra can be retrieved by solving a linear inverse problem with iterative optimizations. Experimental results demonstrate that this approach can resolve any arbitrary spectra with discrete

continuous

or hybrid features. An ultrahigh resolution of

40 pm is achieved throughout an ultrabroad bandwidth of

100 nm far exceeding the narrow FSR. An ultralarge wavelength-channel capacity of 2501 is supported by a single spatial channel within an ultrasmall footprint (≈60 × 60 μm

)

which represents

to the best of our knowledge

the highest channel-to-footprint ratio (≈0.69 μm

−2

) and spectral-to-spatial ratio (

2501) ever demonstrated to date.

关键词

Keywords

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