All-optical synthesis of an arbitrary linear transformation using diffractive surfaces

Onur Kulce; Deniz Mengu; Yair Rivenson; Aydogan Ozcan

doi:10.1038/s41377-021-00623-5

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All-optical synthesis of an arbitrary linear transformation using diffractive surfaces

Article

- All-optical synthesis of an arbitrary linear transformation using diffractive surfaces
- All-optical synthesis of an arbitrary linear transformation using diffractive surfaces
- LSA 2021年10卷第10期页码：1928-1948
- Affiliations：
  
  1.Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
  2.Bioengineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
  3.California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Author bio：
  
  Aydogan Ozcan (ozcan@ucla.edu)
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1038/s41377-021-00623-5
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版日期：2021-10-31，
  
  网络出版日期：2021-09-24，
  
  收稿日期：2021-04-20，
  
  修回日期：2021-08-20，
  
  录用日期：2021-08-23
- Accepted：
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All-optical synthesis of an arbitrary linear transformation using diffractive surfaces[J]. LSA, 2021,10(10):1928-1948.

Kulce, O. et al. All-optical synthesis of an arbitrary linear transformation using diffractive surfaces. Light: Science & Applications, 10, 1928-1948 (2021).
All-optical synthesis of an arbitrary linear transformation using diffractive surfaces[J]. LSA, 2021,10(10):1928-1948. DOI： 10.1038/s41377-021-00623-5.

Kulce, O. et al. All-optical synthesis of an arbitrary linear transformation using diffractive surfaces. Light: Science & Applications, 10, 1928-1948 (2021). DOI： 10.1038/s41377-021-00623-5.

摘要

Abstract

Spatially-engineered diffractive surfaces have emerged as a powerful framework to control light-matter interactions for statistical inference and the design of task-specific optical components. Here

we report the design of diffractive surfaces to all-optically perform arbitrary complex-valued linear transformations between an input (

) and output (

)

where

and

represent the number of pixels at the input and output fields-of-view (FOVs)

respectively. First

we consider a single diffractive surface and use a matrix pseudoinverse-based method to determine the complex-valued transmission coefficients of the diffractive features/neurons to all-optically perform a desired/target linear transformation. In addition to this data-free design approach

we also consider a deep learning-based design method to optimize the transmission coefficients of diffractive surfaces by using examples of input/output fields corresponding to the target transformation. We compared the all-optical transformation errors and diffraction efficiencies achieved using data-free des

igns as well as data-driven (deep learning-based) diffractive designs to all-optically perform (i) arbitrarily-chosen complex-valued transformations including unitary

nonunitary

and noninvertible transforms

(ii) 2D discrete Fourier transformation

(iii) arbitrary 2D permutation operations

and (iv) high-pass filtered coherent imaging. Our analyses reveal that if the total number (

) of spatially-engineered diffractive features/neurons is ≥

both design methods succeed in all-optical implementation of the target transformation

achieving negligible error. However

compared to data-free designs

deep learning-based diffractive designs are found to achieve significantly larger diffraction efficiencies for a given

and their all-optical transformations are more accurate for

. These conclusions are generally applicable to various optical processors that employ spatially-engineered diffractive surfaces.

关键词

Keywords

references

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