Ultrafast low-pump fluence all-optical modulation based on graphene-metal hybrid metasurfaces

Ali Basiri; Md Zubair Ebne Rafique; Jing Bai; Shinhyuk Choi; Yu Yao

doi:10.1038/s41377-022-00787-8

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Ultrafast low-pump fluence all-optical modulation based on graphene-metal hybrid metasurfaces

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- Ultrafast low-pump fluence all-optical modulation based on graphene-metal hybrid metasurfaces
- Ultrafast low-pump fluence all-optical modulation based on graphene-metal hybrid metasurfaces
- LSA 2022年11卷第5期页码：911-924
- Affiliations：
  
  1.School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
  2.Center for Photonic Innovation, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
- Author bio：
  
  Yu Yao (yuyao@asu.edu)
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1038/s41377-022-00787-8
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版日期：2022-05-31，
  
  网络出版日期：2022-04-20，
  
  收稿日期：2021-10-26，
  
  修回日期：2022-04-01，
  
  录用日期：2022-04-02
- Accepted：
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Ultrafast low-pump fluence all-optical modulation based on graphene-metal hybrid metasurfaces[J]. LSA, 2022,11(5):911-924.

Basiri, A. et al. Ultrafast low-pump fluence all-optical modulation based on graphene-metal hybrid metasurfaces. Light: Science & Applications, 11, 911-924 (2022).
Ultrafast low-pump fluence all-optical modulation based on graphene-metal hybrid metasurfaces[J]. LSA, 2022,11(5):911-924. DOI： 10.1038/s41377-022-00787-8.

Basiri, A. et al. Ultrafast low-pump fluence all-optical modulation based on graphene-metal hybrid metasurfaces. Light: Science & Applications, 11, 911-924 (2022). DOI： 10.1038/s41377-022-00787-8.

摘要

Abstract

Graphene is an attractive material for all-optical modulation because of its ultrafast optical response and broad spectral coverage. However

all-optical graphene modulators reported so far require high pump fluence due to the ultrashort photo-carrier lifetime and limited absorption in graphene. We present modulator designs based on graphene-metal hybrid plasmonic metasurfaces with highly enhanced light-graphene interaction in the nanoscale hot spots at pump and probe (signal) wavelengths. Based on this design concept

we have demonstrated high-speed all-optical modulators at near and mid-infrared wavelengths (1.56 μm and above 6 μm) with significantly reduced pump fluence (1–2 orders of magnitude) and enhanced optical modulation. Ultrafast near-infrared pump-probe measurement results suggest that the modulators' response times are ultimately determined by graphene's ultrafast photocarrier relaxation times on the picosecond scale. The proposed designs hold the promise to address the challenges in the realization of ultrafast all-optical modulators for mid-and far-infrared wavelengths.

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references

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